ArticleJournal of veterinary internal medicine
Association of Lung Consolidation Depth With Pathogens Isolated From Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid in Calves With Clinical Signs of Respiratory Disease.
Article in Journal of veterinary internal medicine. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bovine Respiratory Mycoplasmas and the Commensal-Pathogen Continuum: A Systematic Review of Vaccines and Diagnostic Approaches.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- Thoracic Ultrasonography in Calves: A Narrative Review of Techniques and Reporting Practices.Journal of veterinary internal medicineReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe depth of lung consolidation (≥ 1 and ≥ 3 cm) on thoracic ultrasonography (TUS) is increasingly used as a criterion for antimicrobial treatment. However, its association with bacterial infections remains unclear.
objectivesTo investigate the associations of clinical and ultrasonographic findings, particularly consolidation depth, with opportunistic bacterial infections (OBI), viral infections, or Mycoplasma bovis (also known as Mycoplasmopsis bovis) infections. Different definitions of OBI were explored, based on various combinations of bacterial species, with or without a neutrophilic profile on cytology. ANIMALS: Eighty-six group-housed calves with at least one clinical sign of respiratory disease from 19 herds experiencing a respiratory epidemic.
methodsCross-sectional study. A physical examination, TUS, and non-bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage were performed. The definitions of OBI were based on semi-quantitative culture results and cytology.
resultsCalves with consolidations of ≥ 0.5 cm had higher odds of having an OBI considering most definitions, on M. bovis isolation (odds ratio [OR] = 57.3; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.5-2300; p = 0.03) and isolation of a bacterial agent in general (OR = 15.5; 95% CI = 2.3-100; p = 0.01). Animals with consolidation ≥ 1 cm had higher odds of OBI considering all definitions, virus isolation (OR = 15.6; 95% CI = 1.0-240; p = 0.05) and isolation of a bacterial agent in general (OR = 6.9; 95% CI = 1.7-28; p = 0.01). Consolidation ≥ 3 cm, cough, and the California score were not significantly associated with OBI, M. bovis, or both.
conclusionIn herds experiencing a respiratory epidemic, consolidation depths ≥ 0.5 and ≥ 1 cm might indicate respiratory disease with a bacterial component.
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