ArticleJournal of diabetes2025
Global, Regional, and National Prevalence of Chronic Type 2 Diabetic Kidney Disease From 1990 to 2021: A Trend and Health Inequality Analyses Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.
Article in Journal of diabetes, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- The role of classical protein tyrosine phosphatases in diabetic kidney disease and therapeutic implications.Journal of biomedical science · 2026Review
- [Burden of Diabetic Kidney Disease at Global, Regional, and National Levels From 1990 to 2021].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2026Article
- Integrative Analysis on the Urinary Proteome of Diabetic Kidney Disease, with an Emphasis on Extracellular Matrix Proteins.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- MicroRNA-451 Modulates Autophagy-Related Signaling with Relevance to Renal Fibrosis in an Accelerated Mouse Model of Diabetic Kidney Disease.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Adipokine networks in diabetic kidney disease: mechanistic insights and therapeutic implications.Lipids in health and disease · 2026Review
- Recalibrating cell fate: targeting the mitochondrial signaling hub with natural active compounds to inhibit regulated cell death in diabetic kidney disease.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Review
- Identification and validation of an explainable prediction model of favorable outcome under integrative medicine treatment exposure in DKD adult patients: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in digital health · 2026Article
- Thyroid Hormone Indices and Histopathological Severity of Diabetic Nephropathy in Euthyroid Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Biopsy-Based Cross-Sectional Study.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Article
- CKAP4 in Extracellular Vesicle-Derived From Podocyte Serves as a Non-Invasive Diagnostic Biomarker for Diabetic Nephropathy and Promotes Vascular Calcification.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2025Article
- An Overview of Sex-Based Differences in the Onset and Progression of DKD in the Well-Known Model, ZSF1 Rats.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Spatial transcriptomics meets diabetic kidney disease: Illuminating the path to precision medicine.World journal of diabetes · 2025Review
- Global burden of chronic kidney disease due to hypertension (1990-2021): a systematic analysis of epidemiological trends, risk factors, and projections to 2036 from the GBD 2021 study.BMC nephrology · 2025Article
- The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global burden of type 2 diabetes: a study based on GBD 2021 data.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Zinc deficiency predicts new-onset diabetic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
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9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDiabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a prevalent and severe complication of diabetes that significantly impacts global health and quality of life. Most DKD is attributable to type 2 diabetes; therefore, chronic type 2 DKD warrants further examination.
objectiveTo deliver targeted assistance in alleviating the worldwide, regional, and national burden of chronic type 2 DKD, we executed a survey assessing the prevalence of chronic type 2 DKD utilizing the Global Burden of Disease, Injury, and Risk Factors (GBD) database.
methodsWe examined the temporal trends of chronic type 2 DKD prevalence over the past 30 years using the 2021 GBD database, analyzed the trends by population, epidemiological change, and aging, and quantified cross-country health inequalities. Additionally, we forecasted the trend during the subsequent two decades.
resultsIn 2021, there were over 107 million cases of chronic type 2 DKD globally, reflecting an 85.11% rise from 58 million cases in 1990. The age-standardized rate (ASR) declined with an estimated annual percentage change of 0.17% per annum. Epidemiological change and population expansion are the primary factors influencing the alterations. The contributions of epidemiological change, population, and aging vary with alterations in the sociodemographic index (SDI). Significant health inequalities were observed across 204 countries and territories, with the slope index of inequality increasing over time. The forecast for the worldwide burden of chronic type 2 DKD from 2020 to 2040 suggests a significant rise in case numbers, while the alterations in ASR remain largely stable.
conclusionsThese findings indicate the significant disease burden of chronic type 2 DKD, necessitating more targeted and effective interventions for its prevention and management.
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