Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40399872›Full record

ArticleBMC infectious diseases2025

Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus infections among Jordanians: seroprevalence and associated factors.

Hassan M Kofahi, Samer F Swedan, Maen Aljezawi

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Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Hassan M KofahiDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan. hmkofahi@just.edu.jo.
Samer F SwedanDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
Maen AljezawiCommunity and Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Al Al Bayt University, P.O. Box 130040, Mafraq, 25113, Jordan.

Funding

Deanship of Research, Jordan University of Science and Technology 20210234
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are widespread infections, with seroprevalence rates varying by region and demographic characteristics. This study aimed to examine the seroprevalence of EBV and CMV in the Jordanian population and explore possible risk factors associated with these infections.

methodsA total of 1,507 individuals were recruited through convenience sampling from hospitals located in the central and northern regions of Jordan. Participants were stratified by age, sex, and geographic area. Blood samples were analyzed for EBV-VCA and CMV IgG antibodies using ELISA. Demographic and socioeconomic information was also collected. To identify potential risk factors, multivariate logistic regression was conducted, focusing on variables such as age, sex, marital status, education level, monthly income, region, and type of residence.

resultsThe overall seroprevalence was 88.7% for CMV-IgG and 91.0% for EBV-IgG. The seroprevalence of both CMV and EBV increased with age from 62.4% and 70.6%, respectively, in children under five years of age to 100.0% and 96.5% in participants aged 60 years and above. Regression analysis indicated that older age and being ever married (i.e., married, divorced, or widowed) were significantly associated with higher seroprevalence of both viruses. Additionally, having a monthly income of 64.3 JD or more per individual was independently linked to higher EBV seroprevalence.

conclusionEBV and CMV seroprevalence in Jordan was remarkably high. Age was the most prominent risk factor, with marital status and income contributing as independent predictors. These findings offer a valuable reference point for future public health efforts, including surveillance and vaccination strategies targeting high-risk groups.

Indexed as

Cytomegalovirus InfectionsEpstein-Barr Virus InfectionsAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAntibodies, ViralChildChild, PreschoolCytomegalovirusEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayFemaleHerpesvirus 4, HumanHumansImmunoglobulin GInfantAntibodies, ViralImmunoglobulin GCytomegalovirusEpstein-Barr virusJordanRisk factorsSeroprevalence

Identifiers

PMID40399872
PMCPMC12093734

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.