Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40399367›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Multi antenna structure assisted by metasurface concept providing circular polarization for 5G millimeter wave applications.

Ayman A Althuwayb, Esraa Mousa Ali, Mohammad Alibakhshikenari, Bal S Virdee, Nasr Rashid, Khaled Kaaniche, Ahmed Ben Atitallah, Osama I Elhamrawy, Francisco Falcone

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Ayman A AlthuwaybElectrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Jouf University, 72388, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia. aaalthuwayb@ju.edu.sa.
Esraa Mousa AliCommunications and Computer Engineering Department, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, 19111, Jordan.
Mohammad AlibakhshikenariDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Dogus University, 34775 Umraniye, Istanbul, Türkiye. alibakhshikenari@ing.uniroma2.it.
Bal S VirdeeCenter for Communications Technology, School of Computing & Digital Media, London Metropolitan University, London, N7 8DB, UK.
Nasr RashidElectrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Jouf University, 72388, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia.
Khaled KaanicheElectrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Jouf University, 72388, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia.
Ahmed Ben AtitallahElectrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Jouf University, 72388, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia.
Osama I ElhamrawyElectrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Jouf University, 72388, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia.
Francisco FalconeInstitute of Smart Cities, Department of Electric, Electronic and Communication Engineering, Public University of Navarre, 31006, Pamplona, Spain.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This This paper presents a circularly polarized multi-antenna structure designed for 5G millimeter-wave applications. The structure is based on circular patch radiators, each enhanced with metasurface (MTS) characteristics through the integration of multi-split ring slots. Each radiating element is enclosed within a decoupling wall constructed from a microstrip transmission line, which features both wide (capacitive) and thin (inductive) impedance profiles. The antennas are excited from below using metallic pins, which connect to the radiators through via-holes stemming from coplanar waveguide ports on the ground plane. Experimental results demonstrate a wide bandwidth from 25.6 to 29.7 GHz, corresponding to a fractional bandwidth of 14.82%. Additionally, the antenna exhibits stable radiation patterns, with an average gain of 2.7 dBi and a radiation efficiency of 57%. Using a single radiator configuration, a 3 × 3 antenna array was implemented. In this design, electromagnetic coupling between adjacent radiators is significantly reduced. The resulting array, measuring 20 × 20 × 0.32 mm

Indexed as

5G millimeter-waves (mm-waves)Circularly polarized (CP)Metasurface (MTS)Multi-antenna structure

Identifiers

PMID40399367
PMCPMC12095620

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.