ArticleBMJ open2025
Association of the triglyceride-glucose index with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among individuals with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a population-based cohort study using data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2018.
Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Linking the triglyceride-glucose index to major adverse cardiocerebrovascular events in individuals with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: insights from an aggregate-data systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a comprehensive review of pathophysiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and management.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Review
- Triglyceride-glucose index and subclinical left ventricular dysfunction across cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stages: a 7-year retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Association of triglyceride-glucose index with risk of stroke and all-cause mortality in individuals with diabetes.Future cardiology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
objectiveThe study investigated the association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index (a surrogate measure for insulin resistance) and all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality among individuals with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome.
designPopulation-based cohort study.
settingUS National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2018.
participantsA total of 13 585 participants who had valid data were included in this analysis. OUTCOME MEASURES: Data from the participants were linked to death certificates to obtain follow-up mortality information from the National Death Index. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the associations between the TyG index and all-cause and CVD mortality. Non-linear associations and threshold effects were investigated using restricted cubic spline regression and a two-piecewise Cox proportional hazards model.
resultsDuring a median follow-up of 99 months, a total of 2876 (16.24%) deaths occurred, of which 961 were attributed to CVD. Each one-unit increase in the TyG index was associated with an 8.9% relative increase in the hazard of all-cause mortality (HR 1.089, 95% CI 1.013 to 1.171) and a 19.5% relative increase in the hazard of CVD mortality (HR 1.195, 95% CI 1.027 to 1.390). Non-linear relationships were identified between the TyG index and all-cause and CVD mortality, with threshold values of 8.97 and 8.81 for all-cause and CVD mortality, respectively. A significant interaction effect was found between age and the TyG index.
conclusionThere was a U-shaped relationship between the TyG index and both all-cause and CVD mortality. The thresholds of the TyG index may serve as potential tools for managing populations with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome to reduce mortality risk.
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