Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40397924›Full record

ArticleJournal of medical Internet research2025

Association Between Excessive Internet Use Time, Internet Addiction, and Physical-Mental Multimorbidity Among Chinese Adolescents: Cross-Sectional Study.

Huiwen Gu, Bing Shi, Huanying He, Sumei Yuan, Jijiao Cai, Xiaofang Chen, Zhongxiao Wan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of medical Internet research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  3. [Effect of network literacy on depression levels among young adults: an analysis based on China Family Panel Studies].Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Huiwen Gu *Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2243-0056
Bing Shi *Suzhou Industrial Park Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3392-0010
Huanying HeDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1450-2357
Sumei YuanDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8224-2670
Jijiao CaiDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9381-4067
Xiaofang ChenSuzhou Industrial Park Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1521-4431
Zhongxiao WanDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6297-5933

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn contemporary society, the lives of adolescents are profoundly influenced by the internet. While irrational internet use may have an impact on the physical and mental well-being of teenagers, the relationship between excessive internet use and physical-mental multimorbidity in adolescents remains unclear.

objectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship between excessive internet use and physical-mental multimorbidity among adolescents in China.

methodsA total of 5842 students aged 13 to 18 years from Suzhou city in Eastern China were recruited. Four specific physical disorders and a mental disorder were considered to assess the physical-mental multimorbidity, that is, obesity, hypertension, myopia, dental caries, and depressive symptoms. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs between internet use time, internet addiction (IA) behaviors, and physical-mental multimorbidity. Mediation analyses were performed to explore the mediating effect of sleep duration, diet scores, and tobacco or alcohol consumption on the association between excessive internet use and physical-mental multimorbidity.

resultsA total of 973 (16.7%) students exhibited physical-mental multimorbidity. Students with excessive internet use time (≥2 hours per day) were associated with 45% higher odds of physical-mental multimorbidity compared to their peers who reported internet use for <1 hour per day. Among children and adolescents, a significant J-shaped association was observed between internet use time and physical-mental multimorbidity (nonlinear P<.001). Diet score (16.3%) and tobacco or alcohol consumption (12.7%) partially mediated the relationship. Students who met 1 IA behavior (OR 2.44, 95% CI 2.00-2.98) or ≥2 IA behaviors (OR 5.80, 95% CI 4.90-6.86) were associated with higher odds of physical-mental multimorbidity. In the total population, a positive nonlinear correlation was identified between the number of IA behaviors and physical-mental multimorbidity (nonlinear P<.001). Sleep duration (2.3%), dietary scores (6.1%), and tobacco or alcohol consumption (6.2%) partially mediated the association.

conclusionsExcessive internet use is associated with increased odds of physical-mental multimorbidity among adolescents. Sleep duration, dietary quality, and tobacco or alcohol consumption may partially mediate this relationship. These findings highlight the need for monitoring and promoting healthy internet habits as well as addressing lifestyle factors in order to prevent and control physical-mental multimorbidity among adolescents. This research will also provide references for managing internet use and physical-mental health as well as for future longitudinal studies.

Indexed as

Behavior, AddictiveInternetInternet Addiction DisorderInternet UseMental DisordersMultimorbidityAdolescentChinaCross-Sectional StudiesEast Asian PeopleFemaleHumansMaleadolescentcross-sectional studyinternet usemediation analysisphysical-mental multimorbidity

Identifiers

PMID40397924
PMCPMC12138303

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.