ArticlePloS one2025
Psychometric properties and measurement invariance across gender of the Chinese version of the Smartphone Application-Based Addiction Scale (SABAS) among Chinese college students.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Perceived Stress and Smartphone Application-Based Addiction Among Chinese Young Adults: The Mediating Role of Psychological Distress and the Moderating Role of Self-Control.Psychology in Russia : state of the art · 2025Article
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Abstract
backgroundSmartphone addiction among college students is a common problem of concern, especially in China, and is associated with numerous psychological challenges. Nevertheless, a valid instrument to measure smartphone addiction in Chinese college students remains underdeveloped.
objectiveTo provide a valid research instrument for assessing smartphone addiction among Chinese college students, this study conducted a cross-cultural investigation by evaluating the psychometric properties of the Chinese Version of the Smartphone Application-Based Addiction Scale (SABAS) and its measurement invariance across gender among Chinese college students.
methodsThe SABAS was translated into Chinese using the forward-backward method and the Chinese version of the SABAS (SABAS-CV) was completed by 644 Chinese college students. A random selection of 80 college students was made from the total sample, and they were assessed twice with a one-month interval. The reliability of the SABAS-CV was analyzed through internal consistency and test-retest reliability, while the validity was assessed via content validity, structural validity, and convergent validity. Additionally, this study tested the measurement invariance of the SABAS-CV across gender.
resultsThe SABAS-CV demonstrated strong content validity, high internal consistency (α = 0.828 for sample 1, α = 0.856 for sample 2), and good test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.968, 95% CI: 0.952-0.977). Exploratory factor analysis revealed one component with eigenvalue (3.440) greater than 1, explaining 57.336% of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis showed good model fit (χ2/df = 2.462, RMSEA = 0.054, SRMR = 0.029, CFI = 0.968, TLI = 0.956). The factor loadings of the 6 items ranged from 0.549 to 0.853, all exceeding 0.50, with the lower bounds of their confidence intervals also above 0.50. The SABAS-CV had a strong correlation with the Chinese version of the Nomophobia Questionnaire (r = 0.715) and the SAS-CSV (r = 0.826). Measurement invariance test across gender demonstrated that the SABAS-CV was measurement invariant for male and female college students.
conclusionThe SABAS-CV serves as a valid instrument for assessing smartphone addiction in Chinese college students, indicating that the SABAS has high applicability in the Chinese cultural context.
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