Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40397817›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental health perspectives2025

Circulating per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and liver cancer risk: a nested case-control analysis of individual participant data from 12 prospective cohorts.

Cody Z Watling, Jessica L Petrick, Barry I Graubard, Xuehong Zhang, Matthew J Barnett, Julie E Buring, Yu Chen, A Heather Eliassen, Michael Gaziano, Jae H Kang and 24 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Environmental health perspectives, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Environmental risk factors for liver cancer.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

34 authors.

Cody Z WatlingDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Jessica L PetrickSlone Epidemiology Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
Barry I GraubardDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Xuehong ZhangSchool of Nursing, Yale University, Orange, CT, USA.
Matthew J BarnettCancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Julie E BuringBrigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Yu ChenDepartments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
A Heather EliassenDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Michael GazianoBrigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Jae H KangBrigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Jill KoshiolDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Wen-Yi HuangDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
I-Min LeeBrigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Steven C MooreDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Lorelei A MucciDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Marian L NeuhouserCancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Christina C NewtonDepartment of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Julie R PalmerSlone Epidemiology Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
Lynn RosenbergSlone Epidemiology Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
Howard D SessoDepartment of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Martha ShrubsoleVanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Lesley TinkerCancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Matthew TripletteCancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Caroline Y UmDepartment of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Kala VisvanathanJohns Hopkins School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Jean Wactawski-WendeDepartment of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
Walter WillettDepartments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Fen WuBrigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Wei ZhengVanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Jonathan HofmannDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Mark P PurdueDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Peter T CampbellDepartment of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
Dinesh BarupalDepartment of Environmental Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Katherine A McGlynnDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2329-9933

Funding

Studies of Rare CancersZ01CP010158 · NCI · DIVISION OF CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS · PI BRINTON, LOUISE · 2001 to 2008
$2.4M
Intramural NIH HHS Z01 CP010158
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPer- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been associated with numerous deleterious health outcomes including liver damage. However, whether exposure to PFAS is associated with liver cancer risk remains unclear.

methodsWe conducted a matched nested case-control study among 12 prospective cohort studies located in the United States. Pre-diagnostic PFAS, namely perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), and perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS), were measured from blood samples among 853 individuals who developed liver cancer and 853 matched control participants. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using multivariable-adjusted conditional logistic regression for liver cancer risk by study-specific quartiles of concentrations and per 90

resultsIn the main multivariable-adjusted model, circulating PFOS, PFOA, and PFHxS levels were not associated with liver cancer risk (OR per 90

conclusionsIn the largest study to date, none of the measured circulating PFAS were associated with liver cancer risk; however, PFOA associations appeared to differ by sex and further research is needed to explore these apparent differences by sex. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP16980.

Identifiers

PMID40397817
PMCPMC12925619

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.