Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40396737›Full record

ArticlemSystems2025

parafac4microbiome: exploratory analysis of longitudinal microbiome data using parallel factor analysis.

G R van der Ploeg, J A Westerhuis, A Heintz-Buschart, A K Smilde

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in mSystems, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Shifting hormones, shaping health: Gender-affirming therapy & oral care.International journal of transgender health · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

G R van der PloegBiosystems Data Analysis, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID 0009-0007-5204-3386
J A WesterhuisBiosystems Data Analysis, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-6747-9779
A Heintz-BuschartBiosystems Data Analysis, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-9780-1933
A K SmildeBiosystems Data Analysis, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-3052-4644

Funding

University of Amsterdam
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Studies investigating microbial temporal dynamics are increasingly common, leveraging longitudinal designs that collect microbial abundance data across multiple time points from the same subjects. Traditional exploratory approaches like principal component analysis fail to fully utilize this structure. By organizing data as a three-way array-subjects as rows, microbial abundances as columns, and time points as the third dimension-multi-way methods such as parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) can better capture temporal and structural patterns. This study demonstrates PARAFAC as a method to explore longitudinal microbiome data using three exemplary studies. In the first example, a long-time series of

Indexed as

MicrobiotaFactor Analysis, StatisticalGastrointestinal MicrobiomeHumansInfantLongitudinal Studiesdecompositiondynamicsmulti-wayPARAFACtensor factorization

Identifiers

PMID40396737
PMCPMC12172464

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.