Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40395625›Full record

ReviewBiochemistry and biophysics reports2025

Type 2 diabetes mellitus - conventional therapies and future perspectives in innovative treatment.

Barbara Gieroba, Adrianna Kryska, Anna Sroka-Bartnicka

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Biochemistry and biophysics reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
55citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

55 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Effect of manual diaphragmatic release on ventilatory function and functional capacity in elderly type 2 diabetic women: A randomised controlled trial.Hong Kong physiotherapy journal : official publication of the Hong Kong Physiotherapy Association Limited = Wu li chih liao · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Antidiabetic Properties ofLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies of 1,2,4-triazole-benzoxazepine hybrids as α-glucosidase inhibitors: molecular docking and biological evaluation.Medicinal chemistry research : an international journal for rapid communications on design and mechanisms of action of biologically active agents · 2026
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Cucurbitane-Type Glycosides and Sterol fromMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Barbara GierobaMedical University of Lublin, Independent Unit of Spectroscopy and Chemical Imaging, Chodzki 4a, 20-093, Lublin, Poland.
Adrianna KryskaMedical University of Lublin, Independent Unit of Spectroscopy and Chemical Imaging, Chodzki 4a, 20-093, Lublin, Poland.
Anna Sroka-BartnickaMedical University of Lublin, Independent Unit of Spectroscopy and Chemical Imaging, Chodzki 4a, 20-093, Lublin, Poland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and dysfunction of the pancreatic beta cells, which leads to elevated blood glucose levels. Conventional therapies, including metformin, sulfonylureas, and insulin, have long served as the cornerstone of treatment. However, they often face limitations, such as adverse effects, reduced efficacy over time, and difficulties in achieving optimal glycemic control. This has sparked considerable interest in developing novel and experimental therapeutic strategies to enhance treatment outcomes. Recent advances in diabetes management feature dual incretin receptor agonists, like tirzepatide, which combine GLP-1 and GIP receptor agonism, resulting in increased insulin secretion, decreased glucagon release, and significant weight loss. Additionally, dual SGLT1/2 inhibitors, such as sotagliflozin, show promise for more significant blood glucose reduction and improved weight loss by targeting glucose regulation in both the gut and kidneys. Other promising methods include glucagon receptor antagonists, GPR119 agonists, and FGF21 analogs, which strive to enhance insulin sensitivity and improve glucose metabolism through innovative pathways. Gene editing technologies, including CRISPR-Cas9 and AMPK activators, are also being investigated to tackle the underlying pathophysiology of T2DM more effectively. While these experimental therapies show promise, their long-term safety and efficacy remain under research. This article reviews the conventional therapies currently in use. It investigates future perspectives on innovative treatments for T2DM, emphasizing the potential of these new therapies to transform diabetes care and enhance patient outcomes.

Indexed as

Diabetes management strategiesEmerging drugs in T2DMGlucose metabolism regulationInsulin resistanceNovel drug targets

Identifiers

PMID40395625
PMCPMC12090304

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.