ArticleSmall science2025
Toward Personalized Immunotherapeutic Drug Monitoring with Multiplexed Extended-Gate Field-Effect-Transistor Biosensors.
Article in Small science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Development of Cathepsin B‑Activatable Cell-Penetrating Peptides for Tumor Targeting.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2026Article
- Novel Respiratory Disease Diagnosis Tool: Development of an Au-ReSSmall science · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The selection and optimization of therapies for cancer patients urgently need personalization. Portable point-of-care electronic biosensors emerge as a groundbreaking solution contributing to better decision-making in precision oncology. In this study, the innovative use of extended-gate field-effect-transistor (EG-FET) biosensors is showcased for monitoring the concentration and pharmacokinetics of immunotherapeutic drugs in vivo. Complementary positron emission tomography and radioactivity biodistribution studies in mice validate the EG-FET measurements. Herein, a novel indirect assay format is also introduced for detecting target modules (TMs) in an adapter chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy model, effectively addressing the current limitations of potentiometric measurements. In pharmacokinetic evaluations, the EG-FET biosensor performance aligns with standard radioactivity measurements, revealing the distinct lifespans of small-sized single-chain-fragment-variable-derived TMs (15 min) and larger IgG4-derived TMs (14 h). Advantageously, the EG-FET sensors exhibit exceptional sensitivity and fulfill the requirements for immunotherapeutic drug monitoring without complex radioactive labeling, which is indispensable. In these promising findings, the exploration of next-generation electronic biosensors as therapeutic monitoring tools is advocated for. With their cost, size, and response time advantages, these biosensors hold immense potential for advancing personalized oncology, transcending the conventional diagnostic roles typically highlighted in the literature.
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Registered trials
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