ReviewNutrition & metabolism2025
The causal role of homocysteine in multiple diseases: a systematic review of Mendelian randomization studies.
Review in Nutrition & metabolism, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism with lacunar infarction: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Homocysteine-induced bone formation dysfunction reversed by icariin via the AKT/FOXO1 signaling pathway.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Diagnostic and prognostic value of serum Hcy and aMMP-8 levels in patients with acute pancreatitis : Value of serum Hcy and aMMP-8 in AP.Langenbeck's archives of surgery · 2026Article
- Article
- The interplay between homocysteine, oxidative stress, and butyrylcholinesterase activity in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHomocysteine (Hcy) has been implicated in the development of multiple diseases; however, its causal role remains unclear. Mendelian randomization (MR) studies provide a robust approach to assessing causality by minimizing confounding and reverse causation.
objectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the causal role of Hcy in various diseases by synthesizing evidence from MR studies.
methodsWe performed a comprehensive literature search in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science for MR studies published up to May 30, 2024. Studies investigating the association between genetic predisposition to Hcy levels and specific diseases were included.
resultsFindings from 33 MR studies (covering 31 distinct primary outcomes) suggest that genetically elevated Hcy levels are associated with an increased risk of several health conditions, including: Five cardiovascular diseases: small vessel stroke, small artery occlusion stroke, stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and ischemic stroke. Six musculoskeletal diseases: soft tissue disorders, osteoporosis with pathological fractures, hospital-diagnosed osteoarthritis (OA), overall OA, knee OA, and hip OA. One musculoskeletal biomarker: waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) adjusted for BMI. Two digestive system diseases: gastric cancer and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Three digestive biomarkers: alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). One urogenital system disease: chronic kidney disease. Two mental disorders: schizophrenia and bipolar disorder type I. One metabolic disorder: metabolic syndrome. Conversely, elevated Hcy levels are associated with a reduced risk of: One neurological disorder: multiple sclerosis. Two neurological biomarkers: gray matter volume and total brain volume. Five musculoskeletal biomarkers: heel bone mineral density (BMD), right/left grip strength, walking pace, and appendicular lean mass. One urogenital system biomarker: estimated glomerular filtration rate. Additionally, genetically reduced plasma Hcy levels correlated with higher forearm BMD.
conclusionThese findings provide significant evidence for the role of Hcy in disease causation and may contribute to the development of future preventive measures or therapeutic strategies.
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