Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40394548›Full record

ArticleBMC medical education2025

Improving nurse's knowledge, attitudes, and skills in lactation and breastfeeding management using a blended learning approach: a quasi-experimental study.

Poonam Joshi, Ritu Pal, Jamuna Rani R, Ananya Mukhopadhyay, Nihar Rajan Mishra, Surya Kant Tiwari, A Malarselvi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC medical education, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Poonam JoshiCollege of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalyani, West Bengal, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7016-8437
Ritu PalAll India Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalyani, West Bengal, India.
Jamuna Rani RCollege of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalyani, West Bengal, India.
Ananya MukhopadhyayAll India Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalyani, West Bengal, India.
Nihar Rajan MishraAll India Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalyani, West Bengal, India.
Surya Kant TiwariCollege of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh, India. surya.tiwari468@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4718-0398
A MalarselviHoly Family College of Nursing, New Delhi, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBreastfeeding is crucial for newborn health; however, India faces unique challenges in promoting breastfeeding. Nurses play a vital role in supporting breastfeeding, and their knowledge, attitudes, and skills are essential. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a blended learning approach in improving nurses' competencies in lactation and breastfeeding management.

methodsA quasi-experimental, one-group pre-test and post-test study was conducted with 129 newly appointed nurses at a tertiary care center in India. The intervention was a week-long blended learning program that included self-study materials, interactive sessions, and hands-on practice. Nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and skills were assessed before, immediately after, and three months post-intervention using structured questionnaires and observation checklists.

resultsNurses' knowledge scores significantly improved immediately post-intervention (24.7 ± 3.8) and were sustained at three months (24.2 ± 3.6) compared to pre-intervention (17.5 ± 4.9) (p < .001). The majority of nurses demonstrated a good attitude post-intervention (63.6%), which further increased at three months (79.1%). Skill scores related to positioning and attachment, management of breast problems, manual expression of milk, paladai feeding, and orogastric tube feeding significantly improved post-intervention and were maintained at three months after the intervention.

conclusionsThe blended learning approach effectively improved nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and skills in lactation and breastfeeding management, with sustained competencies at three months post intervention. Implementing regular training programs and incorporating lactation education into nursing curricula can enhance nurses' capacity to support optimal breastfeeding. Future studies should explore the impact of these interventions on patient outcomes.

Indexed as

Breast FeedingClinical CompetenceEducation, Nursing, ContinuingHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeLactationAdultFemaleHumansIndiaSurveys and QuestionnairesAttitudeBlended learningBreastfeeding managementKnowledgeLactationNursesSkills

Identifiers

PMID40394548
PMCPMC12093762

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.