Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40394216›Full record

ArticleEuropean child & adolescent psychiatry2025

Perinatal maternal mental health and offspring internalizing and externalizing difficulties from early childhood through adolescence: Rhea mother-child cohort in Crete, Greece.

Katerina Koutra, Chrysi Mouatsou, Katerina Margetaki, Theano Roumeliotaki, Georgios Mavroeides, Sofia Psoma, Mariza Kampouri, Marianna Karachaliou, Manolis Kogevinas, Lida Chatzi

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In one paragraph

Article in European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Katerina KoutraDepartment of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Crete, Gallos Campus, 74100, Rethymno, Crete, Greece. koutra.k@gmail.com.
Chrysi MouatsouDepartment of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Crete, Gallos Campus, 74100, Rethymno, Crete, Greece.
Katerina MargetakiClinic of Ρreventive and Social Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
Theano RoumeliotakiClinic of Ρreventive and Social Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
Georgios MavroeidesDepartment of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Crete, Gallos Campus, 74100, Rethymno, Crete, Greece.
Sofia PsomaDepartment of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Crete, Gallos Campus, 74100, Rethymno, Crete, Greece.
Mariza KampouriInstitute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Marianna KarachaliouClinic of Ρreventive and Social Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
Manolis KogevinasBarcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain.
Lida ChatziDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Longitudinal research assessing childhood mental health is limited, particularly in terms of tracking how early-life factors influence the development of emotional and behavioral disorders over time. The present study aimed to examine the influence of both antenatal and postnatal maternal mental health on children's emotional and behavioral development, with a focus on the trajectory of internalizing, externalizing and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms from early childhood through adolescence. The present study included 434 mother-child pairs of the Rhea mother-child cohort in Crete, Greece. Maternal depressive symptoms (EPDS), trait anxiety (STAI-Trait), and personality traits (EPQ-R) were assessed during the third trimester of pregnancy, while postnatal depressive symptoms (EPDS) were evaluated 8-10 weeks after childbirth. Children's internalizing, externalizing and ADHD-related symptoms were assessed at ages 4 (using the SDQ and ADHDT, respectively), and at ages 6, 11, and 15 (using the CBCL and CPRS-R:S, respectively). Multivariate mixed regression models, incorporating a random intercept for each child and a random slope for age at follow-up, were used to analyze the trajectories of symptoms from ages 4 to 15. Significant long-term associations were found between maternal mental health and child outcomes between the ages of 4 and 15. Specifically, higher levels of maternal trait anxiety and neuroticism were associated with an increase in children's internalizing, externalizing, and ADHD symptoms. Both antenatal and postnatal maternal depressive symptoms were linked to a greater likelihood of internalizing and externalizing symptoms over time, but only postnatal depression was related to a rise in ADHD symptoms. The findings emphasize the importance of perinatal maternal mental health in children's emotional and behavioral development and suggest the need for prevention and early intervention programs to support the mental health of both mothers and children.

Indexed as

AnxietyAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityChild of Impaired ParentsDepressionDepression, PostpartumMothersAdolescentAdultChildChild, PreschoolFemaleGreeceHumansLongitudinal StudiesMalePregnancyAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderExternalizing symptomsInternalizing symptomsMaternal mental healthTrajectories

Identifiers

PMID40394216
PMCPMC12592253

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.