Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40392972›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2025

Role of Sex Hormones in Mediating Adiposity Changes From Weight Loss in People With Type 2 Diabetes: Look AHEAD Sex Hormone Study.

Chigolum P Oyeka, Jiahuan Helen He, Jianqiao Ma, Erin D Michos, Rita R Kalyani, Mark Woodward, Dhananjay Vaidya, Wendy L Bennett

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Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Chigolum P OyekaDepartment of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4102-3172
Jiahuan Helen HeDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Jianqiao MaDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of General Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Erin D MichosDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of General Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5547-5084
Rita R KalyaniDepartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, & Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1530-6884
Mark WoodwardSchool of Public Health, Imperial College London, The George Institute for Global Health, London W12 7RZ, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-9800-5296
Dhananjay VaidyaDepartment of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7164-1601
Wendy L BennettDepartment of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9828-0706

Funding

The Effect of Sex Hormones on Cardiometabolic Outcomes in Men and Women with Diabetes: The Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) StudyR01DK127222 · NIDDK · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI BENNETT, WENDY LYNET, VAIDYA, DHANANJAY MADHUKAR · 2020 to 2024
$2.5M
NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK127222NIDDK NIH HHS R01DK127222NIDDK NIH HHS U01DK57149
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

contextIn people with type 2 diabetes (T2D), weight loss affects sex hormones (testosterone [T], estradiol [E2], sex hormone-binding globulin [SHBG]) and reduces fat and lean mass differently in women vs men, but the relationship between sex hormones and adiposity changes due to weight loss is not clear.

objectiveThis paper aims to examine the relationships between sex hormones and adiposity changes due to an intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI).

methodsWe analyzed data from 2334 participants (50% female) in the Look AHEAD Sex Hormone Ancillary Study, including a subset of 822 (47.4% female) with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scans. Using structural equation modeling, we assessed how changes in E2, T, and SHBG at year 1 (Y1) mediated the effects of ILI on adiposity measures at year 4 (Y4). We stratified by sex to explore sex differences.

resultsIn men, a 14.4% ILI-associated increase in total T at Y1 mediated increases in weight (189 g; 95% CI, 65-317) and waist circumference (0.135 cm; 95% CI, 0.19-0.248) at Y4. Additionally, a 24.6% increase in SHBG at Y1 mediated increases both in percentage trunk fat (0.082%; 95% CI, 0.003%-0.174%) and percentage whole-body fat (0.068%; 95% CI, 0.001%-0.146%) at Y4. In women, a 21.8% decrease in bioavailable T (BioT) at Y1 mediated decreases in whole-body fat mass (-164; 95% CI, -326 to -29.3), whole-body lean mass (-115 g; 95% CI, -203.4 to -40), and trunk lean mass (-97.2 g; 95% CI, -156 to -45.5) at Y4.

conclusionThis study revealed sex-specific mediating effects of sex hormones due to weight loss from ILI on body composition changes in people with T2D. Further research is needed to explore long-term health outcomes related to sex differences in recommendations for weight loss in people with T2D.

Indexed as

AdiposityDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Gonadal Steroid HormonesWeight LossAbsorptiometry, PhotonAgedEstradiolFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSex FactorsSex Hormone-Binding GlobulinTestosteroneEstradiolGonadal Steroid HormonesSex Hormone-Binding GlobulinSHBG protein, humanTestosteroneadipositybody compositiondiabetesestradiollifestyle interventionobesitysex differencessex hormone binding globulinsex hormonestestosterone

Identifiers

PMID40392972
PMCPMC12713000

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.