ArticleDEN open2026
Comparison effectiveness of topical analgesics with and without Entonox for esophagogastroduodenoscopy: A randomized controlled trial.
Article in DEN open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is vital for diagnosing and treating upper gastrointestinal symptoms, but patient discomfort and anxiety can affect procedural outcomes. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of topical analgesics with and without Entonox during EGD in terms of procedural success, patient tolerance, and satisfaction. Methods: A prospective, randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial. Patients were assigned to receive either 10% xylocaine spray in the control group (Group C) or 10% xylocaine spray combined with Entonox (Group E). Procedural success and patient comfort were evaluated using the Bath Gastroscopy Toleration Score and patient comfort scores, with scores of 0 or 1 indicating success. Satisfaction was measured using the numeric rating scale, where scores of 7 or higher indicated high satisfaction. Results: A total of 211 patients underwent EGD successfully (Group C = 106, Group E = 105). Patients in Group E demonstrated a significantly higher proportion of success rate (76.2% vs. 35.9%, Conclusions: Combining Entonox with topical analgesics significantly improves tolerance, satisfaction, and procedural success during EGD, offering a safe and effective option for managing patient discomfort and anxiety.
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