Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40391272›Full record

ArticleHealth science reports2025

Healthcare Cost Coverage and Hypertension and Diabetes Care Step Movement: A Five-Year Follow-Up Study in a Malaysian Semi-Rural Community.

Adeola Folayan, Quek Kia Fatt, Mark Wing Loong Cheong, Tin Tin Su

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Health science reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Adeola FolayanSouth East Asia Community Observatory (SEACO) and Global Public Health, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences Monash University Malaysia Bandar Sunway Selangor Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-2858-3629
Quek Kia FattGlobal Public Health, Jeffrey Cheah School ofMedicine and Health Sciences Monash University Malaysia Bandar Sunway Selangor Malaysia.
Mark Wing Loong CheongDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy Monash University Malaysia Bandar Sunway Selangor Malaysia.
Tin Tin SuSouth East Asia Community Observatory (SEACO) and Global Public Health, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences Monash University Malaysia Bandar Sunway Selangor Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0387-6406

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background and Aims: This study aims to understand how healthcare cost coverage (HCC) status affects hypertension and diabetes care across the three major care steps: awareness, treatment initiation and control. Methods: The probability of progressing the care steps was determined with logistic regression. The backward movements of two care steps (treatment and control) were investigated using McNemar's tests and presented with a Sankey diagram. All results were disintegrated by HCC status. Result: There was no evidence that having HCC contributed to any care step progression. However, there was no significant backward movement for diabetes treatment and blood pressure control for those with HCC, while those without HCC had a significant backward movement for diabetes treatment (54.3% [152/280], Conclusion: Our results suggest that HCC supported a reduction in backward movement for some care steps but did not contribute to care step progression. HCC policies should aim to progress enrolees from awareness to initiating treatment and achieving control to attaining long-term hypertension and diabetes control in low- and middle-income countries.

Indexed as

care step backward movementcare step progressioncare stepshealthcare cost coveragehypertension and diabetes

Identifiers

PMID40391272
PMCPMC12086813

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.