Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40391108›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychology2025

Who excels in online learning in Japan?

Eisuke Tokiwa

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Eisuke TokiwaSUNBLAZE Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: This study aims to elucidate the impact of Big Five personality traits on learning behaviors and outcomes in online education. Given the increasing reliance on digital learning platforms, understanding individual differences in learning performance is crucial, particularly in the Japanese context. Methods: Data were collected from 103 third-year high school students in Tokyo, utilizing the online learning platform "Study Sapuri" and a personality traits questionnaire (BFI-2-J). Learning behaviors were assessed through system logs, while personality traits were measured using a validated psychological scale. Spearman correlation analysis was employed to examine the relationships between these variables. The correlation calculations were based on Equations 1-3, which provide the framework for assessing relationships between variables. Results: The analysis revealed that conscientiousness had the strongest positive influence on learning outcomes, with students scoring high in conscientiousness achieving superior results, particularly in STEM subjects. Additionally, agreeableness was positively associated with learning behaviors, such as the number of video content views on the platform. In contrast, extraversion showed varying effects depending on its facets: assertiveness positively influenced learning outcomes, while sociability was associated with a more passive approach. Moreover, students with high levels of neuroticism tended to adopt a cautious attitude toward learning, which was linked to longer study durations and potentially higher learning quality. Discussion: These findings highlight the role of personality traits in shaping online learning engagement and effectiveness. The study also suggests that Japan's cultural context may influence the relationship between personality traits and academic performance, leading to outcomes for extraversion and neuroticism that differ from those observed in other countries. The implications of these results for personalized learning strategies and digital education design are discussed.

Indexed as

Big Five personality traitsCOVID-19learning behavior in digital systemsonline learningself-regulated learning

Identifiers

PMID40391108
PMCPMC12087180

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.