ArticleAnnals of botany2026
A genomic perspective on adaptation to heterogeneous environments for Cycas segmentifida (Cycadaceae), an endemic cycad in southwest China.
Article in Annals of botany, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsExploring the interplay of environmental variability and adaptation of an endemic species is essential to unravel its evolutionary history and lays the groundwork for assessing how it may react to the accelerating pace of climate change. Employing a population genomics method, this research sought to investigate the adaptation of a cycad species, Cycas segmentifida, to heterogeneous environments and how this fosters population differentiation, guiding its conservation efforts.
methodsWe used double digest restriction-site associated DNA-sequencing (ddRAD-seq) to elucidate the pattern of genetic diversity and divergence, and then analyse how geographical and environmental factors contribute to population divergence in C. segmentifida. We further investigate the genetic basis of adaptation to heterogeneous environments and their implications for predicting its genomic vulnerability under future climate conditions. KEY
resultsCycas segmentifida can be geographically categorized into two genetic groups: the Northwest (NW) and the Southeast (SE) groups, with the genetic diversity of the SE group being significantly higher than that of the NW group. Both geographical distance and environment factors could explain this genetic structure. These two groups exhibited similar demographic histories from the late Pliocene to middle Pleistocene, experiencing recent population contraction events. Genotype-environment association analysis revealed significant differences in environmental variables between two habitats of C. segmentifida, suggesting the possible existence of adaptation. The genomic vulnerability of C. segmentifida is relatively low throughout its distribution range, suggesting its potential to cope with future climate changes.
conclusionsOur results show that environmental heterogeneity profoundly influences the genetic structure of C. segmentifida, and provide understanding of its sensitivity to climate change and capacity for adaptive responses, guiding future conservation endeavours.
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