ReviewRespiratory research2025
Decoding mechanisms and protein markers in lung-brain axis.
Review in Respiratory research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- Axial Connectivity of the Lung Microbiome: A Review of Interorgan Crosstalk.Comprehensive physiology · 2026Review
- The Role of the Nervous System in Lung Disease.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2026Review
- Broca's area, responsible for speech production, is regulated by lung function.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Association Between Respiratory Vaccines and Risk of Cognitive Impairment, Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease: A Scoping Review.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Exploring the link between body physiology and cognition: the role of the brain and aging.npj aging · 2026Article
- The lung-brain axis in neurodegeneration: inflammatory, immune, and vascular mechanisms with therapeutic implications.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- The brain-lung axis: Bridging neurological and respiratory disorders via neural-immune-microbial dialogue.Chinese journal of traumatology = Zhonghua chuang shang za zhi · 2026Review
- Neuropsychiatric disorders in pulmonary fibrosis: from brain network alterations to inflammatory mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- The active role of pulmonary immunity in ischaemic stroke.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Sedation as an Immunomodulator of Inflammatory Responses in the Lung-Brain Axis of ARDS.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Extracellular Matrix-Derived Matrikines: Circulating Peptides as Candidate Mediators of Lung-to-Brain Signaling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Airborne particulate matter and the lung-brain axis: unraveling the neuroinflammatory cascade from alveolar irritation to microglial activation.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- The lung-brain axis: elucidating the mechanisms of pulmonary-driven neurological disorders.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- In silico pharmacology and 3D-bioprinting reveal Dicranum scoparium as an inhibitor of NF-κB-induced inflammation in the 3D4/31 alveolar macrophage cell line.Journal of natural medicines · 2026Article
- Life After the Clot: The Hidden Mental Toll and Psychological Abyss of Surviving Acute Pulmonary Embolism.Critical care medicine · 2026Article
- A microglial LCN2-MC4R signaling axis drives silica-induced neuronal damage via C1q release.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Associations among structural brain alterations, respiratory symptoms and cognitive impairment in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-related subclinical cognitive vulnerability: a multimodal neuroimaging study.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Crosstalk between the microbiome and the mucosal immunoglobulin A system in the lung, in health and disease.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Neuro-immune dysregulation after traumatic brain injury: immunomodulatory strategies to prevent infectious complications.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Multimodal deep learning outperforms clinical and brain region models in predicting stroke-associated pneumonia: an explainable AI study.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe lung-brain axis represents a complex bidirectional communication network that is pivotal in the crosstalk between respiratory and neurological functions. This review summarizes the current understanding of the mechanisms and protein markers that mediate the effects of lung diseases on brain health. MAIN
findingsIn this review, we explore the mechanisms linking lung injury to neurocognitive impairments, focusing on neural pathways, immune regulation and inflammatory responses, microorganism pathways, and hypoxemia. Specifically, we highlight the role of the vagus nerve in modulating the central nervous system response to pulmonary stimuli; Additionally, the regulatory function of the immune system is underscored, with evidence suggesting that lung-derived immune mediators can traverse the blood-brain barrier, induce neuroinflammation and cognitive decline; Furthermore, we discuss the potential of lung microbiota to influence brain diseases through microbial translocation and immune activation; Finally, the impact of hypoxemia is examined, with findings indicating that it can exacerbate cerebral injury via oxidative stress and impaired perfusion. Moreover, we analyze how pulmonary conditions, such as pneumonia, ALI/ARDS, and asthma, contribute to neurological dysfunction. Prolonged mechanical ventilation can also contribute to cognitive impairment. Conversely, brain diseases (e.g., stroke, traumatic brain injury) can lead to acute respiratory complications. In addition, protein markers such as TLR4, ACE2, A-SAA, HMGB1, and TREM2 are crucial to the lung-brain axis and correlate with disease severity. We also discuss emerging therapeutic strategies targeting this axis, including immunomodulation and microbiome engineering. Overall, understanding the lung-brain interplay is crucial for developing integrated treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes. Further research is needed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and foster interdisciplinary collaboration.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.