Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40389610›Full record

ArticleClinical oral investigations2025

Evaluation of enamel remineralization potential and anticariogenic efficacy of polydopamine coated biogenic amorphous calcium phosphate.

M Madhana Madhubala, R Jayasree, T S Sampath Kumar, Janis Locs, Sekar Mahalaxmi

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Article in Clinical oral investigations, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

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0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

M Madhana MadhubalaSRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Bharathi Salai, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600089, India.
R JayasreeHead,10X Assistive Technology, IITM Research Park, Taramani, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
T S Sampath KumarMedical Materials Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India.
Janis LocsInstitute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Faculty of Natural Science and Technology, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia.
Sekar MahalaxmiSRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Bharathi Salai, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600089, India. mahalaxr@srmist.edu.in.

Funding

Selective Excellence Research Initiative (SERI) Grant 2024 SRMIST/R/AR(A)/SERI2024/174/67
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThe aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the enamel remineralization potential and antibacterial efficacy of polydopamine coated chicken eggshell derived amorphous calcium phosphate (PDA -EACP) and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP). MATERIALS AND

methodsEACP was synthesized from chicken eggshells, functionalized with PDA, and then characterized using high-resolution scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (HRSEM-EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 120 enamel slabs were demineralized and randomly divided into 5 groups for the following therapeutic treatments: Group I- Control (no treatment); Group II - CPP-ACP; Group III- EACP; Group IV- PDA; Group V- PDA-EACP and subjected to a 28-day pH cycling regimen. The remineralization effects were assessed by measuring changes in Vickers Microhardness (VMH), analyzing surface morphology using SEM and performing elemental and chemical analysis through EDX and XRD. Antibacterial efficacy was evaluated using agar diffusion, direct contact, and biofilm inhibition assays using fluorescent staining method against Streptococcus mutans.

resultsPost-demineralization, VMH values dropped from 340 to 350 VHN to ~ 200-214 VHN. PDA-EACP showed the highest remineralization (330.4 ± 12.2 VHN), significantly greater than EACP (295.6 ± 10.4 VHN) and CPP-ACP (265.3 ± 9.8 VHN) (p < 0.001). EDX analysis showed Ca/P ratio increased to 2.31 ± 0.34 (EACP) and 1.69 ± 0.06 (PDA-EACP). XRD confirmed superior hydroxyapatite crystallization in PDA-EACP. PDA-EACP exhibited the largest inhibition zone (15.6 ± 1.3 mm) and highest biofilm reduction (72.6% bacterial death at 1:1 dilution).

conclusionPDA-EACP enhances enamel remineralization and antibacterial activity more than CPP-ACP. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: PDA-EACP provides a biomimetic, cost-effective, and biocompatible alternative to synthetic remineralizing agents to treat early enamel lesions. Its strong adhesion potential, mineralization and antimicrobial properties could improve clinical outcomes in managing and preventing incipient carious lesions.

Indexed as

Calcium PhosphatesCaseinsDental EnamelIndolesPolymersTooth RemineralizationAnimalsAnti-Bacterial AgentsBiofilmsChickensEgg ShellHumansIn Vitro TechniquesMicroscopy, Electron, ScanningSpectrometry, X-Ray EmissionSpectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infraredamorphous calcium phosphateAnti-Bacterial AgentsCalcium Phosphatescasein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate nanocomplexCaseinsIndolespolydopaminePolymersAmorphous calcium phosphateEnamelMicrohardnessPolydopamineRemineralization

Identifiers

PMID40389610

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