Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40388623›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2025

Stability of general cognitive ability from infancy to adulthood: A combined twin and genomic investigation.

Daniel E Gustavson, Giulia A Borriello, Mohini A Karhadkar, Soo Hyun Rhee, Robin P Corley, Sally-Ann Rhea, Lisabeth F DiLalla, Sally J Wadsworth, Naomi P Friedman, Chandra A Reynolds

Abstract readTwin Study
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  7. Stability of general cognitive ability from infancy to adulthood: A combined twin and genomic investigation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Daniel E Gustavson *Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309.ORCID 0000-0002-1470-4928
Giulia A Borriello *Department of Learning Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242.ORCID 0000-0003-1374-8256
Mohini A KarhadkarInstitute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309.ORCID 0009-0004-4628-267X
Soo Hyun RheeInstitute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309.
Robin P CorleyInstitute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309.ORCID 0000-0002-2938-4170
Sally-Ann RheaInstitute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309.ORCID 0000-0002-3225-8247
Lisabeth F DiLallaDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL 62901.ORCID 0000-0003-0784-2916
Sally J WadsworthInstitute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309.
Naomi P FriedmanInstitute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309.ORCID 0000-0002-4901-808X
Chandra A ReynoldsInstitute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309.

Funding

Colorado Adoption/Twin Study of Lifespan behavioral development & cognitive aging (CATSLife2)R01AG046938 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO · PI REYNOLDS, CHANDRA A, WADSWORTH, SALLY J · 2015 to 2024
$18.5M
Neural Substrates of Executive Function: An fMRI Twin StudyR01MH063207 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO AT BOULDER · PI FRIEDMAN, NAOMI P. · 2001 to 2018
$6.5M
Understanding the links between parental and adolescent substance use:complementary natural experiments using the children of twins designR01DA054087 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO · PI Matthew Charles Keller, SOO H RHEE · 2022 to 2026
$4.9M
A Twin Study of Adolescent Alcohol and Drug Use Development: Leveraging Intensive Longitudinal AssessmentsU01DA046413 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI FRIEDMAN, NAOMI P., VRIEZE, SCOTT IAN · 2018 to 2022
$2.7M
Establishing if Music Engagement is a Protective Factor in Adolescent Substance Use Using Existing Longitudinal, Genetic, and Environmental DatasetsR01DA059804 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO · PI Daniel Gustavson · 2024 to 2026
$2.0M
HHS | NIH | National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) R01MH063207HHS | NIH | National Institute on Aging (NIA) R01AG046938HHS | NIH | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) R01DA054087HHS | NIH | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) R01DA059804HHS | NIH | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) U01DA046413NIA NIH HHS R01 AG046938NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA054087NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA059804NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA046413NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH063207
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Measures of general cognitive ability (GCA) are highly stable from adolescence onward, particularly at the level of genetic influences. In contrast, measurement of GCA in early life (before 3 y old) is less reliable and less is known about the stability of GCA across this period, including its relation to adult GCA. Using data from the Colorado Longitudinal Twin study (N = 1,098), we examined the stability of GCA measures across 5 time-points (years 1 to 2, 3, 7, 16, and 29), including how an array of cognitive measures given at 7 and 9 mo relate to later GCA. We then examined the genetic and environmental stability of GCA across the first 30 y of life using complementary methods: twin analyses and polygenic scores (PGSs). Two infant cognition measures, object novelty and tester-rated task orientation, predicted GCA in adulthood (

Indexed as

CognitionAdolescentAdultChildChild, PreschoolColoradoFemaleGenomicsHumansInfantLongitudinal StudiesMaleTwinsTwins, DizygoticTwins, MonozygoticYoung Adulteducational attainmentintelligencelongitudinal analysispolygenic indicestwin study

Identifiers

PMID40388623
PMCPMC12130889

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.