ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2025
Imaging a concussion and the ensuing immune response at the blood-brain barrier.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Exploring the Metabolic Impact of Traumatic Brain Injury in CCI Mouse Models: A Focus on Early and Prolonged Injury Responses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- TMEM119+ microglia MHC class I restricted antigen presentation impacts CD8 T cell memory, effector status, and blood-brain barrier disruption during neurotropic virus infection.Research square · 2026Article
- Microglia sense fungal infections through capsular components from capillary-bound Cryptococcus neoformans via endothelial nucleotide signaling.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Shared neuropathological features of mild traumatic brain injury and anesthesia.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Concussions can cause debilitating symptoms despite no evidence of structural changes on diagnostic imaging. The cellular events occurring in the brain parenchyma following concussion, especially repetitive concussion, are not well elucidated. We developed a concussion model to induce a confined area of injury without causing frank hemorrhage. Using intravital microscopy, we observe activation of the vasculature that supported neutrophil rolling and platelet adhesion but no overt cellular recruitment from blood into brain parenchyma. Activated resident, not monocyte-derived, macrophages relocated to the injury site via Cx3cr1 and phagocytosed dysfunctional/detached astrocytes via scavenger receptors and TLR4, particularly after repetitive concussion. Additionally, microglia sealed areas of blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption via purinergic pathways. Using a splitCre approach to dissect microglia and perivascular macrophages, we show that microglial invasion into the injury site is key to reducing BBB disruption. Our data suggest that microglia repair the BBB following concussion, but in doing so significantly alter the cellular ultrastructure of the brain milieu.
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Registered trials
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