Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40387794›Full record

ArticleJDR clinical and translational research2026

Implicit Racial Bias in Oral Health: A Scoping Review of Students' and Providers' Perceptions.

P Martin, K Rafia, M Minter-Jordan, E P Tranby, P D Edouard, R Taylor, L J Heaton

Abstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in JDR clinical and translational research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

P MartinAnalytics and Data Insights, CareQuest Institute for Oral Health, Boston, MA, USA.
K RafiaUniversity of Pennsylvania Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
M Minter-JordanAARP, Washington, DC, USA.
E P TranbyAnalytics and Data Insights, CareQuest Institute for Oral Health, Boston, MA, USA.
P D EdouardCenter for Justice in Public Health, National Association of Chronic Disease Directors, Decatur, GA, USA.
R TaylorCenter for Justice in Public Health, National Association of Chronic Disease Directors, Decatur, GA, USA.
L J HeatonAnalytics and Data Insights, CareQuest Institute for Oral Health, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2670-7402

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionImplicit bias is a form of unconscious bias that can affect judgment, decisions, and behaviors.

objectivesThis scoping review examined what scientific literature exists about implicit bias demonstrated by dental/dental hygiene students and providers and, when possible, how these implicit biases are associated with patients' oral health outcomes.

methodsThis scoping review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). This review included English-language PubMed peer-reviewed studies meeting inclusion criteria, published through October 2023, measuring the implicit bias of dental/dental hygiene students or professionals and how such bias can affect patient oral health outcomes.

resultsA total of 363 records were found. After removing duplicates (

conclusionDespite small sample sizes and a lack of racial/ethnic diversity that limit their generalizability, the included studies provide evidence for implicit racial bias held by some dental/dental hygiene students and professionals that may affect the oral health outcomes of patients. Training to increase awareness of and reduce implicit bias among those providing oral health care is an important first step to providing a more equitable health care system for all patients.Knowledge Transfer Statement:Despite small sample sizes and a lack of racial/ethnic diversity that limit their generalizability, the included studies provide evidence for implicit racial bias held by some dental/dental hygiene students and professionals that may affect the oral health outcomes of patients. Training to increase awareness of and reduce implicit bias among those providing oral health care is an important first step to providing a more equitable health care system for all patients.

Indexed as

Attitude of Health PersonnelOral HealthRacismStudents, DentalHumansdiscrimination and healthhealth care disparitiesintergroup biasoral health disparitiesoral health implicit biasstigma and oral health

Identifiers

PMID40387794
PMCPMC12967376

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.