Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40387305›Full record

ArticleActa ophthalmologica2026

Progression and topographic subtypes of Terrien marginal degeneration.

Minna Ruutila, Pauliina Repo, Annamari T Immonen, Joni A Turunen, Marja-Liisa Lokki, A Inkeri Lokki, Jukka Moilanen, Kari Krootila, Tero T Kivelä

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In one paragraph

Article in Acta ophthalmologica, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Minna RuutilaDepartment of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0476-5647
Pauliina RepoDepartment of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Annamari T ImmonenDepartment of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Joni A TurunenDepartment of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Marja-Liisa LokkiTransplantation Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
A Inkeri LokkiDepartment of Bacteriology and Immunology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Jukka MoilanenDepartment of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Kari KrootilaDepartment of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Tero T KiveläDepartment of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

Funding

Evald ja Hilda Nissin SäätiöHelsingin ja Uudenmaan SairaanhoitopiiriMary och Georg C. Ehrnrooths StiftelseSilmä- ja kudospankkisäätiöSilmäsäätiöSuomen silmälääkäriyhdistys
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo report long-term outcomes and to search for immunological and genetic risk factors in Terrien marginal degeneration (TMD).

methodsRetrospective, in part prospective, hospital-based longitudinal follow-up study of 32 eyes of 16 Finnish patients from 2012 to 2023. Median follow-up was 7.3 years (range, 0.3-15.2). Symptoms, best corrected visual acuity, pattern in axial power map, astigmatism, corneal thickness, higher order irregularity, cavities, progression and human leukocyte antigen genes were analysed. In 13 blood samples, 483 corneal and inflammatory disease-related genes were analysed with exome sequencing.

resultsThe median age at first examination was 61 years (range, 13-89). Eleven (69%) patients were male, and 13 (81%) had bilateral disease. The median annual rate of progression of topographic astigmatism and new thinning was 0.03 D (range, -1.50 to 3.60) and 12.9 μm (range, -107.8 to 93.0), respectively; 0.15 D (range -1.50 to 1.17) and 21.6 μm (range, 1.3-93.0) in 6 (38%) patients with fast progression, and 0.02 D (range, -0.06 to 3.60) and 4.1 μm (range, -107.8 to 24.7) in 10 (72%) patients with slow progression. Topographic pattern, unilaterality, cavities, sectoral hyperaemia, poor response to medical treatment and new thinning after surgery were associated with fast progression. Thickness at maximal thinning fell below 450 μm only with fast progression. Five eyes changed the topographic pattern. Coexisting keratitis fugax hereditaria was found in one patient.

conclusionsA subtype of TMD progresses faster. The most sensitive indicators of progression were thinning and topographic astigmatism. No shared genetic cause for TMD was identified.

Indexed as

CorneaCorneal Dystrophies, HereditaryCorneal TopographyVisual AcuityAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overDisease ProgressionFemaleFinlandFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective Studiescorneal tomographycorneal topographyprogressionsubtypesTerrien's marginal degeneration

Identifiers

PMID40387305
PMCPMC12803575

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.