Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40387015›Full record

ArticleVeterinary medicine and science2025

Impact of an Educational Intervention on Public Perception of Health Problems in Brachycephalic Dogs.

Gareth Smith, Alison P Wills

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Veterinary medicine and science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Gareth SmithDepartment of Animal and Agriculture, Hartpury University, Gloucestershire, UK.
Alison P WillsDepartment of Animal and Agriculture, Hartpury University, Gloucestershire, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-4134-0522

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe popularity of brachycephalic dog breeds has increased over the last decade despite their numerous health issues. The continued popularity of these breeds raises questions about public understanding and perception of their health problems.

objectivesThis study aimed to determine the impact of a minimalist educational intervention on public awareness of the health of brachycephalic breeds and attitudes to breeding practices.

methodsData were collected via an online questionnaire that assessed awareness of health issues and attitudes to breeding brachycephalic breeds before and after an educational intervention. The intervention consisted of a factsheet that survey participants were required to read. Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to test for an effect of dog ownership status (dog owner, owner of a brachycephalic breed, or not a dog owner) on perceptions, and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to test for the effect of the intervention on the perceptions of each individual group.

resultsThere were 141 survey responses obtained from owners of brachycephalic breeds (n = 41), owners of other breeds (n = 88), and non-dog owners (n = 12). The intervention significantly improved the awareness of breed-related health issues in owners of non-brachycephalic breeds (p < 0.001) and non-dog owners (p = 0.016) but not in owners of brachycephalic dogs (p = 0.581). Owners of non-brachycephalic breeds significantly reduced their support for breeding brachycephalic dogs following the intervention (p < 0.001), but there was no significant effect on participants who did not own a dog (p = 0.059) or who owned a brachycephalic breed (p = 0.359).

conclusionsThis study has demonstrated that education can change public perception of breed-specific health issues and attitudes to continued breeding of brachycephalic dogs. However, attitudes of owners of these breeds appear to be less easily influenced than people who do not already own these dogs. Therefore, further work is needed to understand the motivations for breed ownership and the continued popularity of brachycephalic dogs.

Indexed as

CraniosynostosesDog DiseasesHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeAnimalsBreedingDogsFemaleHumansMaleSurveys and Questionnairesdogseducationwelfare

Identifiers

PMID40387015
PMCPMC12086639

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.