Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40386120›Full record

ArticleTheScientificWorldJournal2025

Relationship Between Physicochemical Parameters and Risk of Analgesics and Antibiotics of Effluents From Three Selected Hospitals in Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana.

Emma Kofua Nsafoah, Cindy Yaa Gyeniaw, Alhassan Sulemana, Bernard Fei-Baffoe, David Azanu, Kodwo Miezah, Kofi Sekyere Boateng, Daniel Nimako Amprako, Jonathan Nartey Hogarh, Kwame Ohene Buabeng

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in TheScientificWorldJournal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Emma Kofua NsafoahDepartment of Environmental Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2986-0472
Cindy Yaa GyeniawDepartment of Environmental Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7215-2140
Alhassan SulemanaDepartment of Environmental Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9679-675X
Bernard Fei-BaffoeDepartment of Environmental Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0200-3198
David AzanuDepartment of Environmental Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1003-9270
Kodwo MiezahDepartment of Environmental Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3050-6489
Kofi Sekyere BoatengDepartment of Public Health Education, Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Mampong, Ghana.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4689-5087
Daniel Nimako AmprakoKNUST Central Laboratory, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7562-4006
Jonathan Nartey HogarhDepartment of Environmental Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4111-1367
Kwame Ohene BuabengDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7944-2255

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study is aimed at ascertaining the relationship between environmental risks of analgesics (acetaminophen, diclofenac, and ibuprofen), methylxanthine (caffeine), and antibiotics (amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, and metronidazole) and physicochemical parameters (temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, salinity, total dissolved salts, and turbidity) of three replicates of untreated effluents from three hospitals (Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology [KNUST] Hospital, Kumasi South Hospital [KSH], and Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital [KATH]) within Kumasi, Ghana. The samples were filtered, extracted by solid phase, and analyzed by PerkinElmer Flexar HPLC. Samples showed ambient temperature, around neutral pH, and high electrical conductivity, salinity, total dissolved salts, and turbidity. Acetaminophen and diclofenac were detected at concentrations of 40.00-44.00 and 77.00-553.00

Indexed as

AnalgesicsAnti-Bacterial AgentsWastewaterWater Pollutants, ChemicalAcetaminophenCiprofloxacinEnvironmental MonitoringGhanaHospitalsHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationAcetaminophenAnalgesicsAnti-Bacterial AgentsCiprofloxacinWastewaterWater Pollutants, Chemicalanalgesicsantibioticsenvironmental riskhospital effluentspharmaceuticals

Identifiers

PMID40386120
PMCPMC12085248

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.