ReviewAnnals of Ibadan postgraduate medicine2024
BREASTFEEDING AND ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTION (ARI) IN INFANTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW IN NIGERIA.
Review in Annals of Ibadan postgraduate medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Evaluating effectiveness of protective interventions towards environmental contamination among under-five children: systematic review and meta-analysis in Africa.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- Household Water and Sanitation Practices and Their Association With Diarrheal and Acute Respiratory Infections Among Children Under Five in Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Predictive Model and Spatial Analysis.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Household smoke exposure risk and acute respiratory infection among children under five years in sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from the demographic and health surveys.BMC public health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Acute Respiratory Infections (ARIs) significantly contribute to infant morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially in developing countries like Nigeria, where factors such as inadequate nutrition, poor environmental conditions, and partial immunization increase their incidence, while exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) offers immune protection that can reduce their incidence and severity. Therefore this review assessed the role of breastfeeding, especially exclusive breastfeeding, in reducing the risk and severity of ARIs in Nigerian infants, while also evaluating factors influencing breastfeeding practices. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, involving a comprehensive search of databases such as PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and African Journals Online. Twelve studies conducted between 2004 and 2024 focusing on breastfeeding practices and their impact on ARIs in Nigerian infants aged 0-6 months were selected. The review focused on primary studies with observational and cohort designs. Results: The review found that exclusive breastfeeding significantly reduces the risk of ARIs in infants, with non-exclusively breastfed infants facing a fourfold increase in ARI risk. Breast milk contains immunologically active components like secretory IgA, lactoferrin, and lysozyme, which enhance immune defenses and reduce the severity of ARIs such as pneumonia. However, only 25-40% of infants in Nigeria are exclusively breastfed for six months due to cultural beliefs, maternal employment, lack of education etc. Conclusion: Exclusive breastfeeding significantly protects Nigerian infants against ARIs, but cultural misconceptions, socioeconomic barriers, insufficient maternal education etc hinder optimal practices, necessitating targeted public health initiatives and policy interventions to improve infant health outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
40385706PMC12082678What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.