Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40385119›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of ophthalmology2025

Meibomian gland atrophy in children with allergic conjunctivitis.

Wen-Fang He, Yi-Ping Wu, Jing-Wei Zheng, Bin-Ge Huang, Jing-Jing Zuo, Jin-Yang Li, Dan Jiang, Hui-Xiang Ma

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of ophthalmology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Wen-Fang HeGuangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China.
Yi-Ping WuEye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong Province, China.
Jing-Wei ZhengNational Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China.
Bin-Ge HuangNational Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China.
Jing-Jing ZuoNational Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China.
Jin-Yang LiNational Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China.
Dan JiangNational Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China.
Hui-Xiang MaNational Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimTo investigate the factors influencing meibomian gland atrophy (MGA) in children with allergic conjunctivitis (AC).

methodsIn this cross-sectional study, 60 children with AC aged 6-17y and 20 age-matched children without signs or symptoms of ocular surface dysfunction were included. Information on the duration of AC, untreated time, electronic screen time (EST), outdoor exercise time, body mass index (BMI), and frequency of eye rubbing was collected using a health history form. The Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) score was used for dry eye assessment. Images of the meibomian glands (MGs) were obtained using Keratograph 5M, and the rate of meibomian gland atrophy (MGAR) was calculated using Image J. All subjects underwent routine eye examinations.

resultsThe average age of the AC group was 10.43±2.75y (range 6-17y) and 10.35±3.42y (range 6-14y) in the control group. The MGAR in the AC group was 33.42%±11.91%, significantly higher than that in the control group (18.10%±11.74%,

conclusionChildren with AC exhibit exacerbate MGA, with the degree of atrophy worsening as the untreated time of AC prolongs. Children under 12 years old show a higher MGAR, and EST non-projector negatively impacts MGA, while increased outdoor exercise time acts as a protective factor against MGA.

Indexed as

allergic conjunctivitischildrenmeibomian gland atrophy

Identifiers

PMID40385119
PMCPMC12043294

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.