Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40383906›Full record

ArticleSchizophrenia bulletin2026

Predictors and Outcomes Associated with 25-Year Cognitive Decline in Psychotic Disorders.

Yuan Yang, Sean A P Clouston, Abraham Reichenberg, Jennifer L Callahan, Camilo Javier Ruggero, Gabrielle A Carlson, Evelyn J Bromet, Roman Kotov, Katherine Jonas

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Schizophrenia bulletin, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Yuan YangProgram in Public Health and Department of Family, Population, and Preventive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-2138-5811
Sean A P CloustonProgram in Public Health and Department of Family, Population, and Preventive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-6124-0329
Abraham ReichenbergDepartment of Psychiatry and Department of Environmental Medicine and Climate Science, Icahn School of Medicine at  Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States.
Jennifer L CallahanDepartment of Psychology, University of Texas at  Dallas, Dallas, TX 75080, United States.
Camilo Javier RuggeroDepartment of Psychology, University of Texas at  Dallas, Dallas, TX 75080, United States.
Gabrielle A CarlsonDivision of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States.
Evelyn J BrometDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States.
Roman KotovDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-9569-8381
Katherine JonasDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-1910-223X

Funding

THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF NEWLY DIAGNOSED PSYCHOTIC DISORDERSR01MH044801 · NIMH · STATE UNIVERSITY NEW YORK STONY BROOK · PI BROMET, EVELYN J · 1989 to 2007
$5.0M
Trajectories of Aging in Psychotic Disorders Over 27 YearsR01MH110434 · NIMH · STATE UNIVERSITY NEW YORK STONY BROOK · PI KOTOV, ROMAN I · 2016 to 2020
$4.5M
Trajectories of recovery from psychosis over two decadesR01MH094398 · NIMH · STATE UNIVERSITY NEW YORK STONY BROOK · PI KOTOV, ROMAN I · 2011 to 2013
$2.2M
NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH044801NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH094398NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH110434
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

background and hypothesisCognitive impairment, a key feature of psychosis, is linked to poor functional outcomes. This study aimed to identify predictors and outcomes associated with cognitive decline in psychotic disorders. STUDY

designData were taken from the Suffolk County Mental Health Project, a first-admission longitudinal cohort study of individuals with psychotic disorders. Participants were recruited from all 12 inpatient psychiatric facilities in Suffolk County, New York. Cognitive function was assessed at 6-month, 24-month, 20-year, and 25-year follow-ups. This analysis includes 400 participants with at least 2 estimates of general cognitive ability. A mixed effects model with random slopes and random intercepts was employed to estimate individual cognitive trajectories. The estimated random slopes for each participant were then used to predict 25-year clinical outcomes. STUDY

resultsNo baseline predictors of subsequent cognitive decline were identified. Faster cognitive decline was associated with lower odds of remission, recovery, employment, financial independence, and worse social function 25 years after first admission.

conclusionCognitive decline may be an indicator of illness severity more broadly and may therefore be a useful indicator of who might benefit from known interventions targeting clinical outcomes. Intervening in cognitive decline itself may have widespread beneficial effects on outcomes in psychotic disorders.

Indexed as

Cognitive DysfunctionOutcome Assessment, Health CarePsychotic DisordersSchizophreniaAdultFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedNew YorkPrognosisYoung Adultbipolar disorderneurodegenerationschizophrenia

Identifiers

PMID40383906
PMCPMC12809833

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.