Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40382325›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

A global atlas and drivers of antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella during 1900-2023.

Yanan Wang, Xuebin Xu, Shulei Jia, Mengqi Qu, Yuhang Pei, Shaofu Qiu, Jianmin Zhang, Yue Liu, Sufang Ma, Na Lyu and 6 more

Abstract readHistorical Article
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
68citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

68 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Transferable IncHI2-AssociatedFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  6. Disseminated multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Dublin infection associated with plasmid-borne CMY-2 gene in a patient with travel to a farm in Mexico.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026
    Article
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  8. Review
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  12. Article
  13. Draft genome data ofData in brief · 2026
    Article
  14. Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
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  16. Review
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  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Yanan Wang *International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China. wangyanan1001@henau.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7461-2195
Xuebin Xu *Department of Microbiology, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1986-6539
Shulei Jia *School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2483-0300
Mengqi Qu *International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Yuhang PeiInternational Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Shaofu QiuCenter for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5070-9294
Jianmin ZhangCenter of Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
Yue LiuDepartment of Microbiology, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.
Sufang MaCAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.
Na LyuCAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.
Yongfei HuState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Jianli LiInternational Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Erqin ZhangInternational Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Bo WanInternational Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Baoli ZhuCAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5326-9503
George F GaoCAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China. gaof@im.ac.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3869-615X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Although previous studies using phenotypic or/and genomic approaches monitoring have revealed the spatiotemporal distribution of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Salmonella in local areas, their geographical patterns and driving factors remain largely unknown at a global scale. Here, we performed an analysis of publicly available data of 208,233 Salmonella genomes in 148 countries/regions between 1900 and 2023 and explored driving indicators of AMR. Overall, we found that the geographic distribution of AMR varied depending on the location, source, and serovar. The proportion of AMR levels increased across six continents, especially in serovars Agona, Dublin, I 1,4,[5],12:i:-, Muenchen, Senftenberg, Mbandaka mainly from chickens, food, wild animals, and the environment, while decreased in Schwarzengrund and Saintpaul mainly from cattle, pigs, and turkeys. We also found that S. Typhimurium exhibiting macro, red, dry, and rough was detected as early as 1992 in the USA, earlier than in China. Moreover, we identified that antibiotic consumption, agriculture, climate, urban, health, and socioeconomic factors contribute to the development of AMR in Salmonella. We present a globally high-resolution genetic atlas of Salmonella and also identify some factors driving the rise of AMR, which can provide valuable information for understanding the transmission dynamics and evolutionary trajectories of Salmonella.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsDrug Resistance, BacterialSalmonellaSalmonella InfectionsAnimalsChickensGenome, BacterialHistory, 20th CenturyHistory, 21st CenturyHumansSerogroupAnti-Bacterial Agents

Identifiers

PMID40382325
PMCPMC12085583

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.