ReviewNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology2025
Advancing fungal keratitis treatment: transitioning from conventional amphotericin B therapy to nanocarrier-based delivery systems.
Review in Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Feedback-regulated 3D-printed hydrogel micropatch for integrated therapy of fungal keratitis.Theranostics · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Fungal keratitis (FK) is a serious, vision-threatening ocular infection caused by various fungal species. Poor outcomes often leave patients with corneal opacification and loss of vision, occasionally advancing to enucleation due to the lack of effective treatment options. Several health agencies have outlined topical antifungal medications as first-line approaches in treating FK. Commercially available topical antifungal formulations are natamycin (5%), voriconazole (1%), fluconazole (0.2-0.5%), itraconazole (1%), and amphotericin B (0.15%). Different molecules remain effective against various species of fungus. However, amphotericin B (Am-B) is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent, and when all other medications fail, Am-B is the only drug of choice. However, its clinical application is hindered due to the non-availability of ophthalmic marketed products because of its poor pharmaco-technical factors (low solubility, poor permeation, unstable in solutions of pH 3-10, etc.). Therefore, clinicians are forced to use Am-B injectables off-label by preparing the diluted concentrations of Am-B for ophthalmic use. These solutions have limitations, viz., poor stability, rapid precorneal clearance, and limited drug retention. Thus, it is highly essential for the development of advanced ophthalmic novel drug delivery systems so that the therapeutic and toxic profiles of drugs might improve. Therefore, the present review explores the limitations of conventional Am-B therapy and highlights the transformative potential of nanocarrier-based delivery systems in FK management. It discusses various nanocarrier strategies, their pharmacokinetics, and preclinical and clinical advancements. By bridging the gap between conventional treatments and modern nanotechnology, this review underscores the potential of nanocarriers to revolutionize FK treatment, offering more effective and patient-friendly therapeutic solutions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
40381011What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.