ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2026
The Effects of Neighborhood Violence on Physical Activity Following the COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Order: A Multilevel Analysis.
Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
objectivesCOVID-19 contributed to decreases in physical activity and residents from communities with more crime and fewer resources were less physically active during the pandemic. However, the direct effects of COVID-related increases in crime on leisure-time physical activity has not been studied, extensively. Therefore, we examined how individual perceptions of neighborhood violence, community-level perceptions of safety, and the prevalence of violent crime are associated with leisure-time physical activity across neighborhoods in Chicago, Illinois, following the COVID-19 stay-at-home order.
methodsWe used cross-sectional data to build a multilevel logistic regression model in which the individual represented level 1 and the Chicago community area represented level 2. We used a stepwise approach, testing variables, one at a time, as random intercepts and then as random coefficients. We estimated adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.
resultsRespondents who reported violence occurring every day had significantly lower odds of leisure-time physical activity (OR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.50-0.85). Compared to non-Hispanic Whites, Non-Hispanic Blacks (OR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.57 - 0.99), non-Hispanic Asian American/Pacific Islanders (OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.45-0.89), and Hispanic/Latino respondents (OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.53-0.89) had lower odds of leisure-time physical activity. On the neighborhood level, the percent of adults who reported they feel safe in their neighborhood was significant (p < .001), but violence prevalence was not (p = 0.091).
conclusionsThese results can inform public health efforts to promote physical activity following the COVID-19 stay-at-home order.
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