ArticleNature communications2025
Bioinspired learning and memory in ionogels through fast response and slow relaxation dynamics of ions.
Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Advancements in Machine Learning-Assisted Flexible Electronics: Technologies, Applications, and Future Prospects.Biosensors · 2026Pooled it
- Fully Printed Ionic Diodes from Polymerizable Ionic Liquids.ACS nano · 2026Article
- Soft Iontronic Diodes: Materials, Mechanisms, and Progress.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Dynamic Supramolecular Polyurethane Elastomers Enabling Bioinspired Strain-Adaptive Stiffening to Resolve the Softness-Strength Paradox.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Single polymer fiber-based ultrasensitive and multifunctional flexible microsensor via arthropod-inspired crack-helix coupling.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Tough asymmetric thermochromic ionogels via dynamic in situ phase separation for dual-modal smart optical switching.Nature communications · 2026Article
- A self-powered hydrogel electronic skin with decoupled multimodal sensing for closed-loop human-machine interactions.Nature communications · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Mimicking biological systems' sensing, learning, and memory capabilities in synthetic soft materials remains challenging. While significant progress has been made in sensory functions in ionogels, their learning and memory capabilities still lag behind biological systems. Here, we introduce cation-π interactions and a self-adaptable ionic-double-layer interface in bilayer ionogels to control ion transport. Fast ion response enables sensing and learning, while slow ion relaxation supports long-term memory. The ionogels achieve bioinspired functions, including sensitization, habituation, classical conditioning, and multimodal memory, with low energy consumption (0.06 pJ per spike). Additionally, the ionogels exhibit mechanical adaptability, such as stretchability, self-healing, and reconfigurability, making them ideal for soft robotics. Notably, the ionogels enable a robotic arm to mimic the selective capture behavior of a Venus flytrap. This work bridges the gap between biological intelligence and artificial systems, offering promising applications in bioinspired, energy-efficient sensing, learning, and memory.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.