Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40379485›Full record

ArticleThe International journal on drug policy2025

Patterns of cannabis cultivation, cannabis and other drug use and market participation among Georgian small-scale cannabis growers: Results of online cross-sectional survey.

Tamar Mgebrishvili, Irma Kirtadze, Gary R Potter, David Otiashvili

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The International journal on drug policy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Tamar MgebrishviliAddiction Research Center Alternative Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia; School of Natural Sciences and Medicine, Ilia state University, Tbilisi, Georgia. Electronic address: tamar@altgeorgia.ge.
Irma KirtadzeAddiction Research Center Alternative Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia; School of Arts and Sciences, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Gary R PotterLancaster University Law School, Lancaster, UK.
David OtiashviliAddiction Research Center Alternative Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia; School of Natural Sciences and Medicine, Ilia state University, Tbilisi, Georgia.

Funding

Identifying Challenges and Opportunities for PrEP Uptake Among Women at Elevated HIV Risk in GeorgiaD43TW012492 · FIC · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI FREDERICK LEWIS ALTICE, Denise Esserman · 2023 to 2026
$1.3M
FIC NIH HHS D43 TW012492
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe study aims to assess the demographic characteristics, patterns of cannabis cultivation, use of cannabis and other drugs, and market participation of cannabis growers in Georgia.

methodsWe conducted an online survey of Georgian cannabis growers. The International Cannabis Cultivation Questionnaire (ICCQ 2) measured cultivation practices, and data were analysed using descriptive statistics.

resultsOut of 218 participants, the vast majority were males with a median age of 29 years. They grew a mean of 2.5 cannabis plants in the past year and grew it both in- and out-doors. 89 % reported growing cannabis for their personal use, among them 68 % grew for recreational use and 32 % grew it for medical use. Growers shared one-third of their cannabis, with little sold for profit. Despite high perceived legal risks, few faced legal issues, and involvement in other illegal activities was minimal. 54 % reported using chemical fertilizers, yet believe their cannabis is free of adulterants.

conclusionGeorgian cannabis growers resemble those in the Global North, primarily cultivating for personal use and not engaging in other illegal activities, except that they are the least likely to grow cannabis commercially. Additionally, they use chemicals extensively, yet often believe this does not compromise the purity of the final product.

Indexed as

CannabisCommerceCrops, AgriculturalMarijuana UseAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleFertilizersGeorgia (Republic)HumansMaleSurveys and QuestionnairesFertilizersCannabis growersGeorgia (country)Online survey

Identifiers

PMID40379485
PMCPMC12353957

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.