Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40378238›Full record

ReviewScience immunology2025

Cross-regulation between the nervous system and type 2 immunity.

Nicholas M Mroz, Pailin Chiaranunt, Anna V Molofsky, Ari B Molofsky

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Science immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Nicholas M MrozBiomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4781-8518
Pailin ChiaranuntDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8753-1469
Anna V MolofskyDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences/Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4709-2411
Ari B MolofskyDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0764-3175

Funding

MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGYT32AI007334 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI CYSTER, JASON G · 1988 to 2023
$11.0M
Microglial remodeling of the extracellular matrix in memory circuitsR01MH125000 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI MOLOFSKY, ANNA V · 2021 to 2025
$3.3M
Localization and function of tissue type 2 lymphocytes during mixed inflammationR01AI162806 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Ari B Molofsky · 2022 to 2026
$2.8M
Meningeal type 2 immunity in cortical synapse remodeling during brain development and injuryR01NS126765 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Anna V Molofsky, Ari B Molofsky · 2022 to 2026
$2.3M
Distinct early and late programs of fibroblast - immune crosstalk govern functional responses to brain injuryR01AI180438 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Ari B Molofsky · 2024 to 2026
$2.3M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI162806NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI180438NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007334NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH125000NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS126765
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Interactions between the nervous and immune systems are critical to healthy physiology and are altered in many human diseases. Many of the major players in type 2 immune responses, including type 2 lymphocytes and cytokines, mast cells, and immunoglobulin E, have been implicated in neuronal function and behavior. Conversely, neurons in both the central and peripheral nervous systems can affect type 2 immune responses and behaviors relevant to allergy, such as food avoidance. Defining this complex circuitry and its molecular intermediates in physiology may reveal type 2 immunomodulators that can be harnessed for therapeutic benefit in neurologic diseases including Alzheimer's disease, brain injury, and neurodevelopmental disorders. Conversely, modulation of the nervous system may be an important adjunct to treating immunologic disorders including atopic dermatitis, asthma, and food allergy. This Review covers recent work defining how the nervous system can both regulate and be regulated by type 2 immune responses.

Indexed as

Nervous SystemNeuroimmunomodulationTh2 CellsAnimalsHumans

Identifiers

PMID40378238
PMCPMC12433686

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.