Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40378193›Full record

ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2026

Comparative Effectiveness of Azithromycin Versus Doxycycline in Hospitalized Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia Treated With Beta-Lactams: A Multicenter Matched Cohort Study.

Yewande E Odeyemi, Aysun Tekin, Caitlin C Schanz, Diana J Schreier, Kristin Cole, Ognjen Gajic, Erin F Barreto

Abstract readMulticenter StudyComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Yewande E OdeyemiDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Aysun TekinDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1891-2118
Caitlin C SchanzDepartment of Pharmacy, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Diana J SchreierDepartment of Pharmacy, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5196-5505
Kristin ColeDepartment of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Ognjen GajicDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Erin F BarretoDepartment of Pharmacy, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

Funding

Individualizing Steroid Use in Pneumonia (Supplement)K23HL168212 · NHLBI · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI Yewande Odeyemi · 2023 to 2026
$751k
NHLBI NIH HHS K23 HL168212
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDoxycycline is a frequently used alternative treatment for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in hospitalized patients; however, the evidence base is limited. We aimed to compare outcomes in CAP patients treated with doxycycline or azithromycin in combination with beta-lactams.

methodsWe evaluated patients with CAP admitted to Mayo Clinic hospitals from May 2018 to September 2022 and treated with either azithromycin or doxycycline in combination with a beta-lactam. Patients who received both antibiotics or were on either antibiotic as chronic therapy prior to admission were excluded. The primary outcome was mortality. Patients were 1-to-1 matched according to the presence of congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, human immunodeficiency virus infection, recent immunosuppressant use, and pneumonia severity index class.

resultsAmong 8492 patients (5810 for azithromycin, 2682 for doxycycline), 2671 doxycycline-treated patients were matched with azithromycin-treated patients. In-hospital mortality was significantly lower in the azithromycin group than in the doxycycline group (odds ratio, 0.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], .56-.9), as was 90-day mortality (hazard ratio, 0.83; 95% CI, .73-.95). Patients on azithromycin also had significantly more hospital-free days (HFDs) than those on doxycycline (estimate, 1.37; 95% CI, .99-1.74).

conclusionsAmong hospitalized patients with CAP, azithromycin was associated with lower mortality and more HFDs compared with doxycycline in combination with beta-lactams. Randomized, controlled trials are needed to assess the effectiveness of each regimen and to compare their potential side effects.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsAzithromycinbeta-LactamsCommunity-Acquired InfectionsDoxycyclinePneumoniaAgedAged, 80 and overCohort StudiesCommunity-Acquired PneumoniaDrug Therapy, CombinationFemaleHospitalizationHospital MortalityHumansMaleAnti-Bacterial AgentsAzithromycinbeta-LactamsDoxycyclineantibiotic effectivenessazithromycinbeta-lactamcommunity-acquired pneumoniadoxycycline

Identifiers

PMID40378193
PMCPMC13284779

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.