Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40376493›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychology2025

The impact of VaKE-driven online discussions on critical thinking styles among Chinese undergraduates.

Xiaoshu Xu, Yujie Su, Huanhuan Zhang, Vivian Ngan-Lin Lei, Xiaofang Ye

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Xiaoshu XuSchool of Foreign Studies, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China.
Yujie SuSchool of Foreign Studies, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China.
Huanhuan ZhangFaculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macau, Macao SAR, China.
Vivian Ngan-Lin LeiFaculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macau, Macao SAR, China.
Xiaofang YeSchool of Foreign Studies, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study examines the impact of VaKE-guided online discussion forums on the critical thinking (CT) styles of 100 undergraduate students in Southeast China, focusing on engagement and information-seeking tendencies. Unlike previous research on VaKE's impact on CT skills, this study investigates its effect on CT styles. A mixed-methods approach was used, combining the 24-item UFCTI and student reflective diaries. Results showed that the experimental group, engaged in VaKE-guided forums, exhibited improved engagement and information-seeking behaviors, while the control group, using traditional methods, saw a decline. Qualitative data further supported these findings, with students reporting enhanced understanding of social issues and increased cognitive flexibility. Challenges, including insufficient teacher-student interaction, were noted, emphasizing the need for careful facilitation. These findings contribute to the literature on ethical reasoning and CT styles, providing insights for educators seeking to enhance cognitive and moral development in higher education.

Indexed as

Chinacritical thinking stylesonline discussion forumsundergraduatesvalues and knowledge education (VaKE)

Identifiers

PMID40376493
PMCPMC12078239

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.