Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40375789›Full record

ArticlePrimary health care research & development2025

Social determinants of health and family planning: impact of food and financial insecurity on contraceptive use and pregnancy intention.

Breanna Sharp, Covenant Elenwo, Jordan Lowrimore, Caroline Markey, Micah Hartwell

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Primary health care research & development, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Breanna SharpOklahoma State University College of Osteopathic Medicine at Cherokee Nation, Office of Medical Student Research, Tahlequah, Oklahoma.ORCID 0000-0002-5195-5427
Covenant ElenwoOklahoma State University College of Osteopathic Medicine at Cherokee Nation, Office of Medical Student Research, Tahlequah, Oklahoma.ORCID 0000-0002-2294-9888
Jordan LowrimoreOklahoma State University College of Osteopathic Medicine at Cherokee Nation, Office of Medical Student Research, Tahlequah, Oklahoma.
Caroline MarkeySchool of Community Medicine, University of Oklahoma - Schusterman Center, Tulsa, Oklahoma.ORCID 0000-0002-4713-1476
Micah HartwellOklahoma State University College of Osteopathic Medicine at Cherokee Nation, Office of Medical Student Research, Tahlequah, Oklahoma.ORCID 0000-0001-6810-6571

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimIn the United States, roughly one million pregnancies occur every year from the misuse and discontinuation of oral contraceptives - which may be affected by an individual's exposure to social determinants of health (SDOH). For those experiencing poorer SDOH, significant barriers may exist when family planning. Thus, our primary objective is to examine associations between domains of SDOH and contraceptive use as well as pregnancy intention using the Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS).

methodsA cross-sectional analysis of 2017 BRFSS was conducted using the SDOH module to examine differences in family planning. We used bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models to measure associations, via odd ratios, between SDOHs and contraceptive use and pregnancy intention controlling for other sociodemographic variables.

resultsWe found that individuals experiencing negative SDOH who reported running out of food (AOR: 0.65; CI: 0.50-0.86), were unable to afford balanced meals (AOR: 0.64; CI:0.49-0.84), or had no money left at the end of the month (AOR: 0.45; CI: 0.32-0.64) were less likely to have used contraceptive methods compared to those not experiencing challenges within these SDOH domains. Among women not utilizing contraceptive methods, individuals not intending to get pregnant were more likely to report difficulty affording balanced meals or having financial stability compared to women attempting to become pregnant.

conclusionsOur study found that the SDOH domains of monthly financial instability and food insecurity are significantly associated with women not using contraceptive measures but not wanting to become pregnant. Addressing barriers to contraceptive access and FP is becoming more important with shifting policies regarding women's reproductive healthcare. For women seeking contraceptive and FP advice, increased funding may help provide a solution.

Indexed as

Contraception BehaviorFamily Planning ServicesFood InsecurityIntentionSocial Determinants of HealthAdolescentAdultBehavioral Risk Factor Surveillance SystemCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansPregnancyUnited StatesYoung Adultcontraceptive usefamily planningfinancial instabilityfood insecuritypregnancy intentionSDOH

Identifiers

PMID40375789
PMCPMC12099264

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.