Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40374647›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Globally interconnected solar-wind system addresses future electricity demands.

Hou Jiang, Ling Yao, Jun Qin, Yongqing Bai, Martin Brandt, Xu Lian, Steve J Davis, Ning Lu, Wenli Zhao, Tang Liu and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Hou Jiang *State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5087-3446
Ling YaoState Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. yaoling@lreis.ac.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6120-5806
Jun Qin *State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7483-2366
Yongqing Bai *Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-3577
Martin BrandtDepartment of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9531-1239
Xu LianDepartment of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University, New York, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1428-3529
Steve J DavisDepartment of Earth System Science, School of Sustainability, Stanford University, California, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9338-0844
Ning LuState Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1944-5096
Wenli ZhaoDepartment of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University, New York, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6152-1692
Tang LiuState Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7934-7303
Chenghu ZhouState Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. zhouch@lreis.ac.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3331-2302

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 42201382National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 42471386
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Accelerating energy transition towards renewables is central to net-zero emissions. However, building a global power system dominated by solar and wind energy presents immense challenges. Here, we demonstrate the potential of a globally interconnected solar-wind system to meet future electricity demands. We estimate that such a system could generate ~3.1 times the projected 2050 global electricity demand. By optimizing solar-wind deployment, storage capacity, and trans-regional transmission, the solar-wind penetration could be achieved using only 29.4% of the highest potential, with a 15.6% reduction in initial investment compared to a strategy without interconnection. Global interconnection improves energy efficiency, mitigates the variability of renewable energy, promotes energy availability, and eases the economic burden of decarbonization. Importantly, this interconnected system shows remarkable resilience to climate extremes, generation outages, transmission disruptions, and geopolitical conflicts. Our findings underscore the potential of global interconnection in enabling high renewable penetration and guiding sustainable energy transitions.

Identifiers

PMID40374647
PMCPMC12081854

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.