Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40374604›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Label-free multimodal optical biopsy reveals biomolecular and morphological features of diabetic kidney tissue in 2D and 3D.

Anthony A Fung, Zhi Li, Craig Boote, Petar Markov, Joseph P Gaut, Sanjay Jain, Lingyan Shi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed.

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  15. Simultaneous Label-Free Autofluorescence Multi-Harmonic Microscopy.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2025
    Article
  16. Receptor-Mediated SPION Labeling of CD4Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Multimodal Optical Imaging Platform for Studying Cellular Metabolism.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Anthony A FungShu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1631-7451
Zhi LiShu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Craig BooteSchool of Optometry & Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0348-6547
Petar MarkovEMBL c/o DESY, Hamburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0306-5868
Joseph P GautWashington University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Immunology, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Sanjay JainDivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA. sanjayjain@wustl.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2804-127X
Lingyan ShiShu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. l2shi@ucsd.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1373-3206

Funding

Kidney single cell and spatial molecular atlas project - KIDSSMAPU54DK134301 · NIDDK · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI JAIN, SANJAY · 2022 to 2025
$7.8M
Organ Specific ProjectU54HL145608 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI JAIN, SANJAY, ZHANG, KUN · 2018 to 2021
$5.6M
Sugar Probed SRS Volumetric imaging of Metabolic ActivitiesR01GM149976 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Lingyan Shi · 2023 to 2026
$1.6M
Novel Optical Imaging Approach to Study Neurovascular Coupling SystemR21NS125395 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI SHI, LINGYAN · 2022 to 2022
$435k
NHLBI NIH HHS U54 HL145608NIDDK NIH HHS U54 DK134301NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM149976NINDS NIH HHS R21 NS125395U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) R21NS125395U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) U54HL145608
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Kidney disease, the ninth leading cause of death in the United States, suffers from poor diagnostic efficiency (10%). Traditional biopsies use molecular reagents to enhance diagnostic power but are limited by overlapping spatial and chromatic signals, product quality variability, and additional processing. To address these challenges without disrupting routine diagnostics, we implement label-free imaging modalities-stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), second harmonic generation (SHG), and two-photon fluorescence (TPF)-within a single setup. We identify morphological, lipidomic, and metabolic biomarkers in control and diabetic kidney samples at subcellular resolution. Label-free Stimulated Raman Histology (SRH) reveals distinct collagen morphology, mesangial-glomerular volumes, lipid saturation, redox status, and lipid-protein concentrations previously unrecognized in kidney diseases. Using the same tissue section enhances diagnostic value without compromising limited tissue. These multimodal biomarkers broadly deepen the understanding of kidney disease progression by integrating lipidomic, fibrotic, and metabolic data.

Indexed as

Diabetic NephropathiesKidneyAnimalsBiomarkersBiopsyCollagenFemaleHumansLipidomicsMaleSpectrum Analysis, RamanBiomarkersCollagen

Identifiers

PMID40374604
PMCPMC12081717

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.