ArticleThe American journal of clinical nutrition2025
Three decades of the Mediterranean diet pyramid: A narrative review of its history, evolution, and advances.
Article in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- A large randomized trial assessing alcohol cessation versus moderation on clinical events: UNATI.European journal of epidemiology · 2026Trial
- The Mediterranean pyramid: 30 years later, still relevant.European journal of nutrition · 2026Review
- The Role of the Gut Microbiome in the Relationship Between the Mediterranean Diet and Cardiovascular Disease Risk.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2026Review
- Association between midlife macronutrient intake and late-life hearing loss: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026Article
- Toward an Optimal Diet for Health in Asia: The Asian-Mediterranean Dietary Pattern.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Article
- Corbella Extra Virgin Olive Oil, Urinary Phenolic Metabolites, and Exploratory Cardiometabolic Outcomes in Healthy Young Adults: The HEVOOC Trial.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- What Should Patients With Age-Related Macular Degeneration Eat?American journal of ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Are avocados good for the brain? Most likely yes, in spite of their lack of effect on cognitive performance in a well-conducted 6-month randomized controlled trial.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2026Article
- Development of the Asian Mediterranean Diet and its sensory acceptability in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD).BMC nutrition · 2026Article
- A Novel Chronotype-Based Mediterranean Diet Pyramid: An Updated Representation by the Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE) and the Italian Society of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition (ADI).Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
- Gut microbiome mediates the association between dietary quality and metabolic risk in a heterogeneous adult population.Nutrition & metabolism · 2026Article
- Alcohol, the Mediterranean Diet and Cardiovascular Risks: Where is the New Evidence?European cardiology · 2026Review
- Editorial: Multidimensional benefits of the Mediterranean diet across the lifespan and cultures.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- The Mediterranean diet and cardiovascular disease.Cardiovascular research · 2025Review
- Development of a Mediterranean Diet Recipe Index (MedRI).Nutrients · 2025Article
- From Curiosity to Consumption: Consumer Attitudes Toward Alternative Proteins in Northwestern Italy.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Central Adiposity Assessed with Body Roundness Index and Mortality: The Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra Prospective Cohort.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Beyond MIND and Mediterranean Diets: Designing a Diet to Optimize Parkinson's Disease Outcomes.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Mediterranean Diet, Inflammation, and Neurovulnerability: Towards Personalized Nutritional Strategies.Nutrients · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) pyramid was officially published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition in 1995. Since then, our understanding of the role of the MedDiet and its role in reducing risk of chronic diseases has grown substantially.
objectivesThis article aims to provide a narrative review of the historical context of the MedDiet and its environmental impact, summarize health-related evidence from the past 3 decades, and explore its practical applications and cultural adaptations.
methodsRelevant studies were identified through searches of PubMed and other major databases. We prioritzed publications from the past 3 decades, while also including influential earlier studies where appropriate. Evidence was synthesized qualitatively to summarize key findings and identify gaps for future research.
resultsA large body of evidence from prospective cohort studies, randomized controlled trials, and mechanistic studies consistently supports the benefits of the MedDiet for the prevention of chronic diseases, particularly cardiometabolic diseases and the improvement of healthy aging. Growing evidence demonstrates that the MedDiet promotes favorable changes in circulating metabolites and gut microbiome composition, providing novel insights into biological mechanisms underlying its health benefits and informing the development of precision nutrition strategies. The MedDiet aligns with the principles of the planetary health diet recommended by the EAT-Lancet Commission, which aims to promote both human health and environmental sustainability. The development of the MedDiet pyramid 30 y ago inspired the creation of the Asian, African, and Latin-American heritage diet pyramids.
conclusionsOver the past 3 decades, substantial evidence has accumulated to strongly support the benefits of the MedDiet in preventing chronic diseases and promoting healthy aging. Despite robust evidence, further studies are needed to evaluate the long-term effectiveness and adaptability of the MedDiet across diverse populations, cultural settings, and food environments.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.