Trial reportScience (New York, N.Y.)2025
Vaccination with mRNA-encoded nanoparticles drives early maturation of HIV bnAb precursors in humans.
Abstract readClinical Trial, Phase IRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph
Trial report in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
63citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed.
- Vaccination with mRNA-encoded membrane-anchored HIV envelope trimers elicited tier 2 neutralizing antibodies in a phase 1 clinical trial.Science translational medicine · 2025Trial
- High Frequency of Chronic Urticaria Following an Investigational HIV-1 BG505 MD39.3 Trimer mRNA Vaccine in a Phase 1, Randomized, Open-Label Clinical Trial (HVTN 302).Annals of internal medicine · 2025Trial
- Challenges facing long-acting PrEP implementation in large populations.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Bioengineering strategies for improving the immunogenicity of mRNA vaccines.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Priming of Multiple HIV Neutralizing B Cell Precursors in Humans.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Precision nanomedicine for pulmonary diseases: from molecular targeting to clinical translation.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Learned young: HIV-1 germline-targeting vaccination in infants.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2026Review
- Review
- Article
- Sustained mucosal delivery of SAMT-247 via an intravaginal ring reduces the risk of SIVCell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Rapid boosting increases germinal center responses to sequential vaccines.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- VRC01-CLASS PRECURSOR FREQUENCY IN AN AFRICAN POPULATION IS INFLUENCED BY IGHV1-2 ALLELIC COMPOSITION AND NOT MALARIA EXPOSURE.Research square · 2026Article
- A protocol for single-sequence protein-RNA complex structure prediction using ProRNA3D-single.STAR protocols · 2026Article
- Induction of broadly neutralizing HIV antibodies by a two-step mechanism informs vaccine design.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Preformulated, Shelf-Stable, Dendritic Cell-Targeting Nanogel mRNA Vaccine Delivery Platform.Bioconjugate chemistry · 2026Article
- What's Hot in HIV in 2025-A Basic and Translational Science Review From IDWeek 2025.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Review
- mRNA delivery of a class 1/4 SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody protects against diverse sarbecoviruses in a lethal mouse challenge model.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Diverse germline-targeting HIV Env immunogens select for distinct mutations in the same knock-in mice B cell receptors.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Review
- Maturation of HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies in a germinal center conditional expression mouse model.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
108 authors.
Jordan R Willis *Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0135-5263
Madhu Prabhakaran *Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1981-9054
Michelle Muthui *Kenya Medical Research Institute - Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.ORCID 0000-0003-0770-4468
Ansuya Naidoo *IAVI, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0009-0000-6413-2895
Troy Sincomb *Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4556-649X
Weiwei Wu *Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0009-0008-6015-9167
Christopher A Cottrell *Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3364-3083
Elise Landais *Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8183-5565
Allan C deCamp *Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1404-4322
Nahid R KeshavarziIAVI, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4817-4053
Oleksandr KalyuzhniyDepartment of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5273-1951
Jeong Hyun LeeDepartment of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7371-845X
Linda M MurungiIAVI, Nairobi, Kenya.
Wilfrida A OgondaKenya Medical Research Institute - Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
Nicole L YatesCenter for Human Systems Immunology, Departments of Surgery, Immunology, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2678-1311
Martin M CorcoranDepartment of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-2774-0936
Swastik PhuleraCenter for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1272-7712
Joel MusandoKAVI - Institute of Clinical Research, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Amanda TsaiVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Gabrielle LemireVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Yiakon SeinKenya Medical Research Institute - Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.ORCID 0000-0002-6448-672X
Michael MutetiKenya Medical Research Institute - Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.ORCID 0009-0006-0937-2857
Praveen AlamuriIAVI, New York, NY, USA.
Jennifer A BohlVaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Drienna HolmanVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0009-0006-0595-7495
Sunny HimansuModerna, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7954-9674
Brett LeavModerna, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Caroline ReuterModerna, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0009-0005-6083-5717
Li-An LinModerna, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2731-1346
Baoyu DingModerna, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0009-0009-7819-7951
Chunla HeModerna, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Walter L StrausModerna, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Kellie J MacPheeVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0009-0008-0993-4009
Isabel RegadasDepartment of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Diana V NyabundiKenya Medical Research Institute - Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
Ruth ChirchirKAVI - Institute of Clinical Research, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Omu AnzalaKAVI - Institute of Clinical Research, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
John N KimothoKenya Medical Research Institute - Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.ORCID 0000-0002-4843-9958
Caleb KibetCenter for Human Systems Immunology, Departments of Surgery, Immunology, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0312-4282
Kelli GreeneDuke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
Hongmei GaoDuke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2468-8589
Erica BeatmanVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0009-0000-6352-1872
Kiara BensonIAVI, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0009-0004-1344-5719
Dominick LaddyIAVI, New York, NY, USA.
David M BrownThe Foundation for the National Institutes of Health, North Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4463-8316
Rhianna BronsonVaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0009-0009-5513-3250
Jalen Jean-BaptisteVaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0009-0008-5598-068X
Suprabhath GajjalaVaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3828-1958
Zahra Rikhtegaran-TehraniVaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1127-1290
Alison BennerVaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0009-0001-8864-4091
Mukundhan RamaswamiVaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4804-5676
Danny LuDepartment of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2340-3377
Nushin AlaviDepartment of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3848-6280
Sonya AmirzehniDepartment of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Michael KubitzDepartment of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Ryan TingleDepartment of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2874-7010
Erik GeorgesonDepartment of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5137-4625
Nicole PhelpsDepartment of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9613-3921
Yumiko AdachiDepartment of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0795-9375
Alessia LiguoriDepartment of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8606-574X
Claudia FlynnDepartment of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Katherine McKenneyDepartment of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7321-0530
Xiaoya ZhouDepartment of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0009-0001-5074-5815
D Collins OwuorVaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Sharon A OwuorVaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0118-6823
Soo-Young KimVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3541-4206
Michael DuffVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0009-0008-4279-0756
Ju Yeong KimVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0009-0002-1317-1223
Grace GibsonDepartment of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0009-0002-8312-2953
Sabyasachi BabooDepartment of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4547-5160
Jolene DiedrichDepartment of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6489-4558
Torben SchiffnerDepartment of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Marisa ShieldsIAVI, New York, NY, USA.
Mabela MatsosoIAVI, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0009-0009-5433-5862
Jennifer SantosIAVI, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0009-0008-0170-0080
Kristen SyvertsenIAVI, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0009-0008-0816-2203
Allison KennedyIAVI, New York, NY, USA.
Melissa SchroeterIAVI, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0009-0008-9613-6936
Johan VekemansIAVI, New York, NY, USA.
John R YatesDepartment of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5267-1672
James C PaulsonDepartment of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4589-5322
Ollivier HyrienVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1909-2542
Adrian B McDermottVaccines Research and Development, Sanofi, Swiftwater, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0616-9117
Pholo MaenetjeThe Aurum Institute, Rustenburg Research Centre, Rustenburg, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0001-6063-4353
Julien NyombayireCenter For Family Health Research, Kicukiro, Kigali, Rwanda.
Etienne KaritaCenter For Family Health Research, Kicukiro, Kigali, Rwanda.ORCID 0000-0001-9475-5436
Rosine IngabireCenter For Family Health Research, Kicukiro, Kigali, Rwanda.
Vinodh EdwardThe Aurum Institute, Rustenburg Research Centre, Rustenburg, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0003-3952-4760
Vincent Muturi-KioiIAVI, Nairobi, Kenya.ORCID 0000-0003-1620-3999
Janine MaenzaVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3992-4193
Adrienne E ShapiroVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3106-1258
M Juliana McElrathVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2276-7117
Srilatha EdupugantiDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6566-9969
Barbara S TaylorDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas.
David DiemertDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2789-0512
Gabriel OzorowskiIAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9695-8138
Richard A KoupVaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3090-7282
David MontefioriDuke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0856-6319
Andrew B WardIAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7153-3769
Gunilla B Karlsson HedestamDepartment of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0001-7255-9047
Georgia TomarasCenter for Human Systems Immunology, Departments of Surgery, Immunology, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8076-1931
Devin J HuntIAVI, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2248-9180
Daniel MuemaKAVI - Institute of Clinical Research, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.ORCID 0000-0001-7995-1682
Devin SokIAVI, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9354-1740
Dagna S LauferIAVI, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0009-0009-6888-8281
Sarah F AndrewsVaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2583-1949
Eunice W NduatiKenya Medical Research Institute - Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.ORCID 0000-0001-7578-3095
William R SchiefDepartment of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1120-0150
Funding
SDMC: HIV Vaccine Trials NetworkUM1AI068635 · NIAID · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI Peter B. Gilbert, Yunda Huang · 2011 to 2026
$385.9MIdentification of neutralizing epitopes on SARS-CoV-2 spike for design of vaccines and small-molecule antiviralsUM1AI144462 · NIAID · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI BURTON, DENNIS R. · 2019 to 2025
$201.6MSupport Component D/Vaccine Discovery, Concept to ClinicUM1AI100663 · NIAID · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI AHMED, RAFI · 2012 to 2018
$131.5MBill & Melinda Gates Foundation INV-002916Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation INV-005175Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation INV-007522Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation INV-008813Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation INV-034657NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI068635NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI100663NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI144462
Abstract
A leading HIV vaccine strategy requires a priming immunogen to induce broadly neutralizing antibody (bnAb) precursors, followed by a series of heterologous boosters to elicit somatic hypermutation (SHM) and produce bnAbs. In two randomized, open-label phase 1 human clinical trials, IAVI G002 in the United States and IAVI G003 in Rwanda and South Africa (IAVI, International Aids Vaccine Initiative), we evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of mRNA-encoded nanoparticles as priming immunogens (both trials) and first-boosting immunogens (IAVI G002). The vaccines were generally safe and well tolerated, except that 18% of IAVI G002 participants experienced skin reactions. Priming induced bnAb precursors with substantial frequencies and SHM; heterologous boosting elicited increased SHM, affinity, and neutralization activity toward bnAb development; and elicited antibodies exhibited precise bnAb structural mimicry. The results establish clinical proof of concept that heterologous boosting can advance bnAb precursor maturation and demonstrate bnAb priming in Africa, where the HIV burden is highest.
Indexed as
AIDS VaccinesBroadly Neutralizing AntibodiesHIV-1HIV AntibodiesHIV InfectionsmRNA VaccinesNanovaccinesAdultFemaleHumansImmunization, SecondaryImmunogenicity, VaccineMaleRwandaSomatic Hypermutation, ImmunoglobulinSouth AfricaAIDS VaccinesBroadly Neutralizing AntibodiesHIV AntibodiesmRNA VaccinesNanovaccines
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