ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2025
Burden of Treatment in Patients With Heart Failure.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Heterogeneity of eHealth literacy and treatment burden in older adults with heart failure: a multidimensional latent profile analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Posttraumatic growth theory as a framework for heart failure self-care intervention design.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHeart failure self-care can contribute to a high daily workload and treatment burden. The goal of this cohort study was to assess the characteristics and outcomes associated with burden of treatment (BoT).
methodsSurveys comprising validated instruments to measure BoT and other constructs were mailed to patients with heart failure in Southeastern Minnesota. Participants were divided into tertiles by BoT scores. Associations of clinical variables with BoT were examined using multinomial logistic regression. Associations of BoT with mortality and hospitalizations were examined using Cox proportional hazard regression and Andersen-Gill models, respectively.
resultsA total of 609 participants (mean age 76.3 years, 60.3% men, 55.2% urban, 64.3% preserved ejection fraction) completed surveys. Higher BoT was associated with worse health status, more depressive symptoms, lower resilience, less social support, lower medication adherence, and worse health literacy. Mean±SD follow-up was 14.4 (4.1) months. Estimated 1-year mortality (8.3% [95% CI, 4.3%-12.1%], 11.0% [95% CI, 6.5%-15.2%], 16.0% [95% CI, 10.8%-21.0%]) and 1-year mean cumulative hospitalizations (0.57 [95% CI, 0.45-0.72], 0.83 [95% CI, 0.66-1.05], 1.15 [95% CI, 0.93-1.42]) increased across patients reporting low, medium, and high BoT, respectively. Adjustment for health status eliminated any significant association of BoT with risks of death and hospitalization (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.10 [95% CI, 0.58-2.07] and 1.09 [95% CI, 0.74-1.61], respectively, highest versus lowest BoT tertile).
conclusionsBoT in heart failure varies by clinical and psychosocial factors. Higher BoT identifies patients at increased risk of adverse health outcomes due to their worse health status. These findings can serve as a foundation for interventions to minimize workload and improve quality of life.
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