Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40371623›Full record

Trial reportJournal of the American Heart Association2025

Synergistic Network Pharmacology: Preclinical Validation and Clinical Safety in Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Ana I Casas, Cristian Nogales, Rebecca D Szepanowski, Mahmoud H Elbatreek, Elisa Anastasi, Sepideh Sadegh, James Skelton, Benedikt Frank, Anil Wipat, Jan Baumbach and 2 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical Trial, Phase IIRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05762146 (Networked Drug REpurposing for Mechanism-based neuroPrOtection in Ischaemic STROKE), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05762146 phase2unknown statusnot on this map

Networked Drug REpurposing for Mechanism-based neuroPrOtection in Ischaemic STROKE (REPO-STROKE IIa)

TypeinterventionalSponsorMaastricht UniversityRan2022 to 2024Enrolled28ConditionsIschemic Stroke, AcuteArmsRiociguat, Propylthiouracil, Perphenazine
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Ana I CasasDepartment of Neurology and Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS) University Medicine Essen Essen Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-0935-074X
Cristian NogalesDepartment of Pharmacology and Personalised Medicine School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands.
Rebecca D SzepanowskiDepartment of Neurology and Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS) University Medicine Essen Essen Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-3071-4269
Mahmoud H ElbatreekDepartment of Pharmacology and Personalised Medicine School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-2437-1773
Elisa AnastasiSchool of Computing Science, Newcastle University Newcastle UK.
Sepideh SadeghDepartment of Clinical Genetics Odense University Hospital Odense Denmark.
James SkeltonSchool of Computing Science, Newcastle University Newcastle UK.
Benedikt FrankDepartment of Neurology and Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS) University Medicine Essen Essen Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-8837-9489
Anil WipatSchool of Computing Science, Newcastle University Newcastle UK.ORCID 0000-0001-7310-4191
Jan BaumbachInstitute of Computational Systems Biology, University of Hamburg Hamburg Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-0282-0462
Christoph KleinschnitzDepartment of Neurology and Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS) University Medicine Essen Essen Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-1650-8875
Harald H H W SchmidtDepartment of Pharmacology and Personalised Medicine School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-0419-5549

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMost human disease definitions, except for rare and communicable diseases, are based on symptoms in specific organs, not on causal molecular mechanisms. This limits treatments to imprecise symptomatic approaches with high numbers needed to treat. Systems medicine, instead, has a holistic approach and defines diseases in an organ-agnostic manner on the basis of associated risk genes, their encoded proteins, and protein-protein interactions. Dysregulation of such disease modules is best corrected by multitarget, synergistic network pharmacology. Here we test this principle in acute ischemic stroke, a highly unmet medical indication without any approved neuroprotective drug so far.

methodsWe extend 3 validated risk genes, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (

resultsWe found that a triple-drug combination of a

conclusionsOur data establish that a mechanism-based network pharmacology approach is effective and clinically safe, warranting a currently ongoing first-in-class neuroprotective phase II interventional trial. REGISTRATION: URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05762146?term=repo-stroke&rank=1; Unique Identifier: NCT05762146.

Indexed as

Ischemic StrokeNetwork PharmacologyNeuroprotective AgentsAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalFemaleHumansMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLNitric Oxide Synthase Type ISoluble Guanylyl CyclaseNeuroprotective AgentsNitric Oxide Synthase Type INos1 protein, mouseSoluble Guanylyl Cyclasediabetesischemic strokenetwork pharmacologysafety trialsystems medicine

Identifiers

PMID40371623
PMCPMC12184576

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.