ArticleTransplantation direct2025
A Global Comparison of Liver Transplant Drug Pricing: US Versus Other G7 Countries and Australia.
Article in Transplantation direct, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: A major contributor to increased healthcare spending in the United States is drug pricing, as US drug prices are nearly 3× higher than those in other countries. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate current global price differences in liver transplant medications and provide potential cost savings for Medicare Part D if international reference pricing was adopted. Methods: Publicly available drug formularies for Canada, the United Kingdom, Japan, France, Germany, Italy, and Australia were used to collect 2024 prices for 8 commonly used liver transplant medications (mycophenolate mofetil, mycophenolate sodium, sirolimus, tacrolimus, Advagraf, Envarsus, everolimus, and cyclosporine). US prices were obtained from UptoDate's 2024 listed representative average wholesale prices and Medicare Part D's drug prices from 2022. Results: The average US wholesale price and Medicare spend for originator liver transplant medications were 4.1× and 6.8×, respectively, the average originator prices in G7 countries and Australia. Adopting the average global originator drug price per dose may lead to an estimated $26 141 463 in cost savings per year to Medicare. The average US wholesale price and Medicare spend for generic liver transplant medications were 2.76× and 3.75×, respectively, the global average generic prices. Adopting the average global generic drug price per dose may lead to an estimated $363 538 474 in cost savings per year to Medicare. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the significantly greater financial burden that liver transplant patients in the United States face compared with liver transplant patients in 7 other major industrial countries. Future adoption of international reference pricing may help bridge this pricing disparity.
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