ArticleCureus2025
Characteristics and Trends of NIH-Funded Opioid Use Disorder Clinical Trials During the Opioid Epidemic With a Focus on Gender.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives This study aims to analyze all funding awarded by the National Institute of Health (NIH) for opioid use disorder (OUD) clinical trials during the opioid epidemic and investigate whether there exist a difference in funding based on gender of principal investigators (PIs) and the wave of the opioid epidemic during which the trial began. Methods NIH-funded clinical trials related to OUD during the opioid epidemic between March 1, 1997, and February 28, 2023, were extracted from ClinicalTrials.gov and NIH RePORTER. Data extracted from each project included grant type, grant category, grant funding amount, and the PI's affiliation, academic rank, highest degrees, and gender. Non-parametric statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis testing to investigate for discrepancies in NIH funding between genders and waves of the opioid epidemic. Results A total of 197 trials were identified as funded during the opioid epidemic, for a total of $1,646,512,558. Of the grants, 85.8% (N=169) were awarded during the third wave of the opioid epidemic; they received a median of $2,482,291 per year, significantly more than the second wave (p=0.0045). Male PIs (54.3%, N=107) received the highest number of grants, but they did not receive significantly more funding compared to female PIs (p=0.8646). A statistically significant difference in funding between the waves (p=0.0015) was found, with projects starting during the third wave receiving more average yearly funding (N=169) than the first two waves (N=28). Conclusion NIH funding amount and number of projects funded increased throughout the third wave of the opioid epidemic, potentially due to increased NIH initiatives during this time. Unlike other documented trends outlining disparities in funding between male and female researchers in academic medicine, there was no statistical difference in funding for clinical trials during the opioid epidemic. Further analysis is needed to ensure a diverse research landscape and determine areas for future improvement.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.