ArticleFrontiers in medicine2025
Expression and diagnostic values of ferroptosis-related genes in coronavirus-associated viral sepsis.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the differential expression and diagnostic value of ferroptosis-related genes in coronavirus-associated viral sepsis. Methods: This study was conducted in two sequential phases: (1) identification of differentially expressed genes through comprehensive analysis of the experimental dataset (GSE164805); and (2) clinical validation of the candidate molecular markers using both test set samples and clinical samples, followed by rigorous evaluation of their diagnostic performance. Firstly, the microchips associated with coronavirus-associated viral sepsis were retrieved from the GEO database, a public data platform of NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information), and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained through differential analysis. The identified DEGs were then intersected with the ferroptosis gene dataset to obtain ferroptosis-related DEGs. Subsequently, molecular signaling pathways of ferroptosis-related genes in coronavirus-associated viral sepsis were analyzed using gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. CIBERSORT was employed to analyze immune cell infiltration in both the coronavirus-associated viral sepsis group and control group. Furthermore, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to identify hub genes involved in ferroptosis. Finally, the expression of ferroptosis hub genes in coronavirus-associated viral sepsis and its diagnostic value were analyzed in validation set GSE199816 and clinical case samples. Results: In test set GSE164805, a total of 15,059 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, comprising 7,458 up-regulated and 7,601 down-regulated genes. Subsequently, an intersection analysis with the ferroptosis gene dataset yielded 189 DEGs associated with ferroptosis. Functional enrichment analyses using GO and KEGG revealed significant enrichment in signaling pathways related to ferroptosis, oxidative stress, and HIF-1. Additionally, CIBERSORT immune-infiltration analysis revealed enhanced infiltration of innate immune cells but reduced infiltration of CD8 Conclusion: The present study has successfully identified two hub genes, IL1-β and HMOX1, associated with ferroptosis in coronavirus-associated viral sepsis, and their expression and diagnostic value for the disease. These findings provide effective diagnostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for coronavirus-associated viral sepsis. Notably, this study specifically focused on coronavirus-induced viral sepsis, distinct from previously characterized bacterial sepsis and other viral etiologies, thus warranting future studies with expanded sample sizes for stratified analyses.
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