Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40370454›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025

Immunotherapeutic strategies for invasive bladder cancer: a comprehensive review.

Yingying Wang, Min He, Jian Li, Li Li

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Yingying WangDepartment of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, China.
Min HeDepartment of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, China.
Jian LiDepartment of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, China.
Li LiDepartment of Emergency, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bladder cancer is a prevalent malignancy, with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) presenting a significant therapeutic challenge. Standard treatments, including radical cystectomy (RC) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy, pose substantial risks and impact quality of life, leading to increasing interest in bladder-preserving therapies (BPT). Immunotherapy has revolutionized bladder cancer management, with strategies ranging from intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) to immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1). In BCG-unresponsive non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), PD-1 inhibitors such as pembrolizumab offer promising response rates. In MIBC, neoadjuvant immunotherapy with agents like atezolizumab and pembrolizumab improves pathological complete response (pCR) and facilitates bladder preservation. Combination regimens integrating radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy not only enhance treatment efficacy but also exploit mechanisms such as immunogenic cell death and antigen release that further augment antitumor immune responses. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of current immunotherapeutic strategies for invasive bladder cancer, highlighting their clinical applications and future potential.

Indexed as

Immune Checkpoint InhibitorsImmunotherapyUrinary Bladder NeoplasmsCombined Modality TherapyHumansNeoadjuvant TherapyNeoplasm InvasivenessImmune Checkpoint Inhibitorsbladder cancerbladder-preserving therapyimmunotherapyneoadjuvant immunotherapyPD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID40370454
PMCPMC12075300

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.