ArticleBMC pharmacology & toxicology2025
Prevalence and clinical significance of potential drug-drug interactions of antimicrobials in Intensive Care Unit patients: a retrospective study.
Article in BMC pharmacology & toxicology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Point-Prevalence of Antimicrobial-Related Potential Drug-Drug Interactions in Hospitalized Older Adults: A Multicenter Study Using Lexicomp.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- LLM-Enhanced Multimodal Framework for Drug-Drug Interaction Prediction.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Population pharmacokinetics modelling to predict DDI from zopiclone on clozapine in schizophrenia patients.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
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4 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAntimicrobials are frequently prescribed in Intensive Care Units (ICUs), where drug-drug interactions (DDIs) with other medications may exacerbate clinical outcomes. Limited evidence exists on the prevalence and clinical impact of these interactions.
objectiveTo estimate the prevalence of potential DDIs (pDDIs) between antimicrobials and other drugs in ICU patients using two electronic DDIs databases, identify the actual DDIs and the most frequently implicated antimicrobials, and determine the risk factors associated with actual DDIs.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective study on patients admitted to intensive care units from January to December 2023. Micromedex and Lexi-Interact were used to identify pDDIs and their severities. Furthermore, we used the Drug Interaction Probability Scale (DIPS) criteria to identify actual DDIs.
resultsAmong 2,154 patients, 2,163 pDDIs (108 unique pairs) were identified in 461 patients, and 2.87% (62 pDDIs in 46 patients) were classified as actual DDIs. The antimicrobials most likely to cause pDDIs included quinolones, triazole antifungals, and linezolid. Antimicrobial-drug pairs with a higher incidence of severe pDDIs included linezolid-dopamine/metoclopramide (hypertension), voriconazole-budesonide for inhalation (increased serum concentration of budesonide), and levofloxacin-amiodarone (QT prolongation). The antimicrobial-drug pairs with a higher occurrence of actual DDIs included linezolid-dopamine/dobutamine (hypertension), fluconazole-amiodarone/ritonavir (QT prolongation), and cefoperazone/vancomycin-furosemide (nephrotoxicity). Moderate agreement existed between the two databases for pDDIs detection (Cohen's kappa = 0.546), but severity ratings diverged. Multivariable analysis identified the number of drugs per patient (OR = 1.178, p < 0.001), the number of antimicrobials per patient (OR = 1.146, p < 0.038), and the length of stay in the ICU (OR = 1.093, p < 0.038) as significant risk factors.
conclusionsHigh pDDI rates involving antimicrobials were observed in ICU patients, though actual DDIs were infrequent. Notable severe risk pairs warrant vigilant monitoring, especially with a higher occurrence of actual DDIs. Discrepancies in DDI databases emphasize the need for multi-tool validation to optimize medication safety.
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